Breeding for Disease Resistance in the Major Cool-Season Turfgrasses

Bonos, Stacy A.; Clarke, Bruce B.; Meyer, William A.

doi:10.1146/annurev.phyto.44.070505.143338

Cited by 70 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…A. stolonifera is a wind-pollinated, highly outcrossing perennial grass used on golf courses worldwide. It can also enhance the natural beauty of the environment and increase the value of residential and commercial property, and provide many environmental benefits including preventing soil erosion, filtering water and trapping dust and pollutants (Bonos et al 2006). It has been extensively used, covering millions of acres globally making it an economically valuable grass crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes

et al. 2007

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Comparisons of complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera to six published grass chloroplast genomes reveal that gene content and order are similar but two microstructural changes have occurred. First, the expansion of the IR at the SSC/ IRa boundary that duplicates a portion of the 5′ end of ndhH is restricted to the three genera of the subfamily Pooideae (Agrostis, Hordeum and Triticum). Second, a 6 bp deletion in ndhK is shared by Agrostis, Hordeum, Oryza and Triticum, and this event supports the sister relationship between the subfamilies Erhartoideae and Pooideae. Repeat analysis identified 19-37 direct and inverted repeats 30 bp or longer with a sequence identity of at least 90%. Seventeen of the 26 shared repeats are found in all the grass chloroplast genomes examined and are located in the same genes or intergenic spacer (IGS) regions. Examination of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) identified 16-21 potential polymorphic SSRs. Five IGS regions have 100% sequence identity among Zea mays, Saccharum officinarum and Sorghum bicolor, whereas no spacer regions were identical among Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, H. vulgare and A. stolonifera despite their close phylogenetic relationship. Alignment of EST sequences and DNA coding sequences identified six C-U conversions in both Sorghum bicolor and H. vulgare but only one in A. stolonifera. Phylogenetic trees based on DNA sequences of 61 protein-coding genes of 38 taxa using both maximum parsimony and likelihood methods provide moderate support for a sister relationship between the subfamilies Erhartoideae and Pooideae.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes

et al. 2007

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“…). However, given the phenotypic variation among commercially produced cultivars (Wilkins & Humphreys ; Bonos, Clarke & Meyer ), it is unclear whether the application for which cultivars are developed and their endophyte status would consistently explain variation in competitive ability and effects on communities among cultivars of a single species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivar genotype, application and endophyte history affects community impact of Schedonorus arundinaceus

Yurkonis

Maherali

Bolton

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary 1.Cultivars of several cool-season grasses used in forage and turf applications are developed to contain low (EÀ) or high (E+) seed fungal endophyte presence, and these characteristics may influence their competitive ability and effects on communities. 2. We established a long-term field experiment to test the predictions that Schedonorus arundinaceus (SA) tall fescue forage cultivars differ in their effects on communities from turf cultivars and that E+ cultivars differ in their effects on communities from EÀ cultivars. Two of the three E+ turf cultivars were low endophyte, and turf cultivars were therefore defined as 'E+ history' and 'EÀ history'. 3. Forage (EÀ) plots contained more SA than turf (EÀ history) plots and differed in community structure and function from turf (EÀ history) plots. Cultivar identity also influenced community structure and function in pairwise comparisons between forage (EÀ) and turf (EÀ history) plots. 4. Within the forage cultivars, E+ plots contained more SA and were marginally less dominated by other grasses than EÀ plots, but these differences were not consistent in comparisons between specific E+ and EÀ forage cultivars. Moreover, E+ and EÀ forage plots were similar in other aspects of community structure and function, indicating that a cultivar's endophyte status does not consistently determine its effects. 5. Despite low endophyte presence in two of three cultivars, E+ history turf plots differed in measures of composition, structure and nutrient cycling from EÀ history turf plots, indicating that there are genetic differences between E+ and EÀ cultivars which can influence their effects on communities. 6. Synthesis and applications. Schedonorus arundinaceus cultivars vary in their competitive ability and effects on communities, and this variation may be explained by the application for which the cultivars were developed, their endophyte status and genetic differences among cultivars within application categories. We recommend preferentially selecting cultivars developed for turf applications and cultivars with low seed endophyte presence to minimize negative effects of seeding a non-native grass on communities. However, final selections should be based on common trial performances because genetic differences between cultivars will affect their performance independently of their application category and endophyte status.

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“…Resistance to other diseases, such as leaf spot, stem and crown rust, summer patch, and dollar spot, are screened under field conditions (Bonos et al, 2006) and are less predictable than the powdery mildew greenhouse screening. During wet springs and hot summers, leaf spot, summer patch, and dollar spot can occur frequently, making screening germplasm easier; however, in dry years, dollar spot and summer patch do not always occur.…”

Section: The Rutgers Turfgrass Breeding Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Cool‐Season Turfgrass Cultivars for Stress Tolerance and Sustainability in a Changing Environment

Meyer

Hoffman

Bonos

2017

Intl Turfgrass Soc Res J

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Growth and sustainability of cool‐season turfgrass species has the potential to be negatively impacted by future climate change; therefore, it will be necessary to breed turfgrass cultivars that have improved abiotic and biotic stress tolerance compared with cultivars that are currently available. This will require the use of techniques that can efficiently and effectively identify novel germplasm for incorporation into a breeding program. Over the past decade, advances have been made in the methodologies used to develop new cultivars of apomictic and open‐pollinated, cool‐season turfgrass species. This keynote address will discuss the impact climate change will have on plant breeding objectives, breeding techniques used by Rutgers University, and advances that have been made in breeding cool‐season grasses for improved abiotic and biotic stress tolerance.

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Breeding for Disease Resistance in the Major Cool-Season Turfgrasses

Cited by 70 publications

References 65 publications

Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes

Complete chloroplast genome sequences of Hordeum vulgare, Sorghum bicolor and Agrostis stolonifera, and comparative analyses with other grass genomes

Cultivar genotype, application and endophyte history affects community impact of Schedonorus arundinaceus

Breeding Cool‐Season Turfgrass Cultivars for Stress Tolerance and Sustainability in a Changing Environment

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