Breeding evaluation of arab horses from their racing results in Tunisia by a BLUP with an animal model approach

Abstract

-The aim of this study was to estimate the breeding value of Arab horses in Tunisia. Racing results (36203) were available corresponding to 2432 horses issued from 811 dams and 218 sires registered in the Tunisian stud book and in the races organized from 1980 to 2001 by the "Société des courses de Tunis". Performance was described by two criteria: the earning and the rank in the race used after some transformations: (i) attribution of "theoretical" earnings to the not placed horses and normalization by a Log transformation, (ii) normalized rank according to statistical tables on which a "performance rate" calculation was applied (see further). The effects of year, age and sex were significant. The effect of weight carried was also significant but the results appeared paradoxical because the more they carried the better were the performances. Variance component estimation using VCE software gave the following values for heritability: 0.09 and 0.12, respectively, for the Log of earning and the ranking value. Repeatability was the following: 0.25 and 0.35, respectively. The maternal environment component was evaluated as 0.04 for the ranking value and 0.03 for the Log of earning. The genetic correlation of the two criteria was estimated to 0.97 standard error and was around 0.01 in all cases. In conclusion, the Log of earning and ranking value are two appropriate manners to take into account racing performance in selection for Arab horses in Tunisia. It can be remarked, however, that the heritability of the ranking value was higher. The adjustment of earnings with the level of races was probably not precise enough and intra race as a function of the ranks, the respect of a constant relative decrease of the earnings according to the place was too approximate.horse / racing ability / purebred Arabian / BLUP / animal model / Tunisia Résumé -Évaluation génétique par un BLUP en modèle animal des chevaux arabes d'après leurs résultats en course en Tunisie. L'objectif de l'étude est l'estimation de la valeur génétique additive des chevaux de pur-sang arabe en Tunisie, il est mené sur 36203 données relatives à 2432 chevaux issus de 811 mères et 218 pères de pur-sang arabe enregistrés dans le stud book tunisien et (ii) un classement normalisé d'après les tables statistiques sur lequel une procédure de « performance rate » a été appliquée. Les effets année, âge et sexe s'avèrent significatifs. Pour le poids porté, le résul-tat paraît paradoxal puisque les chevaux les plus chargés expriment en moyenne de meilleures performances. L'analyse par un modèle animal avec répétabilité grâce au logiciel VCE a conduit à l'estimation des paramètres génétiques : une héritabilité de 0,09 ± 0,01 et 0,12 ± 0,01 respectivement pour le log du gain et la valeur classement ; la répétabilité est de 0,25 ± 0,01 pour le log du gain et 0,35 ± 0,01 pour le classement. L'effet maternel est de 0,04 ± 0,01 pour le classement et 0,03 ± 0,01 pour le log du gain. Il ressort alors que le log du gain et la valeur classement sont deux bonnes façons...

Estimation of Variance Components and Genetic Trend for the Race Performance in Turkish Arabian horse

“…(Boldman et al, 1995). Bu amaçla zamana bağlı özellikler için altı faktör ve gelir özellikleri için sadece cinsiyet faktörü olan animal modeller kullanılmış ve tek değişkenli analiz yapılmıştır (Mrode, 2014 Tabelaya girme oranı için tahmin edilen kalıtım derecesi (0.84) literatürde bildirilen ve 0.07-0.16 arasında değişen sonuçlardan oldukça yüksektir (Chico, 1994;Belhajyahia et al, 2003;Svobodova et al, 2005;Bakhtiari and Kashan, 2009;Gomez et al, 2010). Araştırma sonuçlarına göre zamana bağlı özellikler olan EYS ve hız düşük kalıtım derecelerine sahiptir.…”

“…Bu özellikler için genetik parametreler ve hayvanların damızlık değerleri tahmin edilmekte ve seleksiyonda kullanılmaktadır (Gaffney and Cunningham, 1988;Oki and Sasaki, 1996;Belhajyahia et al, 2003;Dubois and Ricard, 2007;Langlois and Blouin, 2007;Thorén Hellsten, 2008;Bakhtiari and Kashan, 2009;Park, 2011). 43 üyeli Dünya Spor Atları Yetiştirme Federasyonuna (WBFSH) yaklaşık %80'i Avrupa'dan olmak üzere yıllık 130000 civarında tay kaydedilmektedir (Koenen and Aldridge, 2002).…”

Analysis of the Annual Earnings used as the Sire Evaluation Criteria in Home-produced Thoroughbred Racehorses

“…경주능력에 대한 평가형질들은 속도 (Oki et al, 1997;Mota et al, 2005), 부담중량 (Bugislaus et al, 2004), 승률 (Gillespie, 1971;Watanabe, 1974), 착순 (Tavernier, 1991;Sobczynska, 2006)과 수득상금 (Klemetsdal, 1994;Langlois & Blouin, 2004) 등으로 이들에 대한 다양한 연구가 이루어졌으며, BLUP (best linear unbiased prediction) 이론을 이용한 경주마의 유전능력 평 가는 1980년대 이후 폭 넓게 연구되어 왔다 (Arnason, 1982;Tavernier, 1988;Willham & Wilson, 1991;Belhajyahia et al, 2003;Langlois & Blouin, 2007;Sobczyńska, 2010). 국내 씨수 말들의 경주능력은 자마의 연간수득상금에 바탕을 두고 있는 평균 수득상금지수(Average earning Index, AEI)로 평가되고 있다.…”

Assessment of non-genetic parameters of the racing performances of Arabian and Thoroughbred horses in Algeria

“…It is important to note here that the assessment of the genetic value of breeding animals has been applied to racehorses for many years and in many countries (Chico, 1994;Langlois, 1996;Belhajyahia et al, 2003;Langlois and Blouin, 2004;Sobczynska and Lukaszewicz, 2004;Svobodova et al, 2005;Bokor et al, 2007;Bakhtiari and Kashan, 2009;Orhan and Kaygisiz, 2010). In Algeria, no selection program has been put in place and no assessment of the genetic additive value of breeding animals based on the performance of horses has been carried out till now despite the availability of reliable performance data.…”

“…The selection of animals and the assessment of their breeding values are based on one or several measurable traits expressed during races. A great variety of performance measures have been studied for flat-racing: this includes race times Bakhtiari and Kashan, 2009;Orhan and Kaygisiz, 2010), weight handicap (Langlois, 1980;Tolley et al, 1985), the performance rate (Watanabe, 1974), the final ranking (Belhajyahia et al, 2003;Svobodova et al, 2005;Bakhtiari and Kashan, 2009) and the annual earning as well as the average earning per start (Langlois and Blouin, 1998;Belhajyahia et al, 2003;Svobodova et al, 2005). Estimates of the heritability of traits related to time have been generally low, varying from 0.01 to 0.11 (Chico, 1994;Orhan and Kaygisiz, 2010).…”