Breeding Biology, Life Histories, and Life History‚ÄìEnvironment Interactions in Seabirds

Schreiber, E. A.; Burger, Joanna; Hamer, Keith C.

doi:10.1201/9781420036305.ch8

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The theoretical foundations of metapopulation theory and our understanding of the mechanisms and scales of metapopulation regulation stem from empirical insights into short‐lived, short‐ranging species, such as the Glanville fritillary butterfly ( Melitaea cinxia ) and the American pika ( Ochotona princeps ) (Clinchy et al, 2002; Hanski et al, 2017; Hanski & Gaggiotti, 2004; White & Smith, 2018). Colonial species such as seabirds and pinnipeds have very different characteristics: long life spans, delayed maturity, slow turnover, high mobility, and high levels of philopatry and breeding site fidelity leading to limited connectivity between colonies (Hamer et al, 2001; Lewison et al, 2012). Current metapopulation models do not sufficiently capture these challenging features of natural history, and, consequently, quantitative studies of seabird dynamics have not yet fully benefited from novel theoretical and inferential developments in metapopulation biology (Nur & Sydeman, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outside the breeding season, many species migrate thousands of kilometers each year to and from distant wintering grounds (Fayet et al, 2017; Fort et al, 2012; González‐Solís et al, 2007). During the rest of the year, they conform to a metapopulation structure and display a high degree of breeding and natal site fidelity (Hamer et al, 2001). These patterns are not absolute: some empirical and modeling studies have found emigration probabilities of more than 50% in particular age groups (Oro et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the rest of the year, they conform to a metapopulation structure and display a high degree of breeding and natal site fidelity (Hamer et al, 2001). These patterns are not absolute: some empirical and modeling studies have found emigration probabilities of more than 50% in particular age groups (Oro et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metapopulation regulation acts at multiple spatial scales: Insights from a century of seabird colony census data

Jeglinski

Wanless

Murray³

et al. 2023

Ecological Monographs

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Density-dependent feedback is recognized as important regulatory mechanisms of population size. Considering the spatial scales over which such feedback operates has advanced our theoretical understanding of metapopulation dynamics. Yet, metapopulation models are rarely fit to time-series data and tend to omit details of the natural history and behavior of long-lived, highly mobile species such as colonial mammals and birds. Seabird metapopulations consist of breeding colonies that are connected across large spatial scales, within a heterogeneous marine environment that is increasingly affected by anthropogenic disturbance. Currently, we know little about the strength and spatial scale of density-dependent regulation and connectivity between colonies. Thus, many important seabird conservation and management decisions rely on outdated assumptions of closed populations that lack density-dependent regulation. We investigated metapopulation dynamics and connectivity in an exemplar seabird species, the Northern gannet (Morus bassanus), using more than a century of census data of breeding colonies distributed across the Northeast Atlantic. We developed and fitted these data to a novel hierarchical Bayesian state-space model, to compare increasingly complex scenarios of metapopulation regulation through lagged, local, regional, and global density dependence, as well as different mechanisms for immigration. Models with conspecific attraction fit the data better than the equipartitioning of immigrants. Considering local and regional density dependence jointly improved model fit slightly, but importantly, future colony size projections based on different mechanistic regulatory scenarios varied widely: a model with local and regional dynamics estimated a lower metapopulation capacity (645,655 Apparently Occupied Site [AOS]) and consequently higher present saturation (63%) than a model with local density † Passed away 1 January 2022.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metapopulation regulation acts at multiple spatial scales: Insights from a century of seabird colony census data

Jeglinski

Wanless

Murray³

et al. 2023

Ecological Monographs

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“…Therefore, information about annual movements is important for effective conservation and management (Marra et al 2018;Johnston et al 2020). Many species, such as seabirds, are long-lived with delayed sexual maturity and low annual reproductive rates (Schreiber and Burger 2001). Survival of adult birds, as well as reproductive success, therefore, influence their population growth rates (Saether and Bakke 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual movements of a migratory seabird—the NW European red-throated diver (Gavia stellata)—reveals high individual repeatability but low migratory connectivity

et al. 2022

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In this study, the annual movements of a seabird species, the red-throated diver (Gavia stellata), were investigated in space and time. Between 2015 and 2017, 33 individuals were fitted with satellite transmitters at the German Bight (eastern North Sea). In addition, stable isotope analyses of feathers (δ13C) were used to identify staging areas during the previous moult. The German Bight is an important area for this species, but is also strongly affected by anthropogenic impacts. To understand how this might affect populations, we aimed to determine the degree of connectivity and site fidelity, and the extent to which seasonal migrations vary among different breeding locations in the high Arctic. Tagged individuals migrated to Greenland (n = 2), Svalbard (n = 2), Norway (n = 4) and northern Russia (n = 25). Although individuals from a shared breeding region (northern Russia) largely moved along the same route, individuals dispersed to different, separate areas during the non-breeding phase. Kernel density estimates also overlapped only partially, indicating low connectivity. The timing of breeding was correlated with the breeding longitude, with 40 days later arrival at the easternmost than westernmost breeding sites. Repeatability analyses between years revealed a generally high individual site fidelity with respect to spring staging, breeding and moulting sites. In summary, low connectivity and the distribution to different sites suggests some resilience to population decline among subpopulations. However, it should be noted that the majority of individuals breeding in northern Russia migrated along a similar route and that disturbance in areas visited along this route could have a greater impact on this population. In turn, individual site fidelity could indicate low adaptability to environmental changes and could lead to potential carry-over effects. Annual migration data indicate that conservation planning must consider all sites used by such mobile species.

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“…Among birds, seabirds are notable for displaying obligate biparental care (Cockburn 2006), which is maintained over extended incubation and chick‐rearing periods (Burger 1980). Most seabirds are visually monomorphic (Schreiber and Burger 2001), which historically made it challenging for human observers to assign sex‐specific behaviors in the field. The proliferation of light‐weight tags and molecular sexing has enhanced our ability to collect detailed behavioral observations from a large number of known‐sex individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic constraints drive sex‐specific parental care in the monomorphic Leach's storm‐petrelHydrobates leucorhous

Tyson

Jennings

Hoover

et al. 2022

Journal of Avian Biology

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Sex‐specific parental care in dimorphic species may be unsurprising, but why this occurs in monomorphic species is more puzzling. To date, however, there have been few examinations of the causes of this phenomenon. Here, we evaluated possible explanations of sex‐specific provisioning in the monomorphic Leach's storm‐petrel Hydrobates leucorhous (until recently Oceanodroma leucorhoa). We tracked the chick‐rearing behavior of 74 mated pairs using an automated nest monitoring system and collected daily measurements of chick growth. We found that males provisioned more frequently and made a larger overall contribution to chick feeding than females. Within‐individual trip duration was more variable for females, suggesting that they were alternating to a greater degree between short, energetically taxing trips that prioritize chick care and longer, recovery trips that prioritize self‐care. Moreover, females were more likely to embark on longer trips after completing a short trip and after encountering a chick in good condition. Males, however, appeared better able to perform repeated short trips that resulted in more frequent provisioning as well as greater amounts overall. These findings are consistent with the explanation that energetic constraints on females give rise to male‐biased, sex‐specific provisioning in a monomorphic species and are likely to explain similar patterns in other long‐lived species where adult survival is high.

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Breeding Biology, Life Histories, and Life History‚ÄìEnvironment Interactions in Seabirds

Cited by 30 publications

References 77 publications

Metapopulation regulation acts at multiple spatial scales: Insights from a century of seabird colony census data

Metapopulation regulation acts at multiple spatial scales: Insights from a century of seabird colony census data

Annual movements of a migratory seabird—the NW European red-throated diver (Gavia stellata)—reveals high individual repeatability but low migratory connectivity

Energetic constraints drive sex‐specific parental care in the monomorphic Leach's storm‐petrelHydrobates leucorhous

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