Breeding Alfalfa Which Regenerates from Callus Tissue in Culture<sup>1</sup>

Bingham, E. T.; Hurley, L. V.; Kaatz, D. M.; Saunders, J. W.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183x001500050032x

Cited by 246 publications

(73 citation statements)

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“…Regeneration from cultured tissues or protoplasts was conducted with the perennial, allogamous and autotetraploid Medicago sativa L., which proved amenable to regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from tissue explants (Saunders and Bingham 1972) and protoplasts (Johnson et al 1981;Rose et al 1986). Regeneration was restricted to special lines, notably Regen S, which was bred for regenerability (Bingham et al 1975). Annual Medicago species were difficult to regenerate, but work by Bingham and co-workers indicated that the Medicago genus included species with 'regenerability' genes.…”

Section: Medicago Truncatula CV Jemalong Agriculture and Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicago truncatula as a model for understanding plant interactions with other organisms, plant development and stress biology: past, present and future

Rose¹

2008

Functional Plant Biol.

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Abstract. Medicago truncatula Gaertn. cv. Jemalong, a pasture species used in Australian agriculture, was first proposed as a model legume in 1990. Since that time M. truncatula, along with Lotus japonicus (Regal) Larsen, has contributed to major advances in understanding rhizobia Nod factor perception and the signalling pathway involved in nodule formation. Research using M. truncatula as a model has expanded beyond nodulation and the allied mycorrhizal research to investigate interactions with insect pests, plant pathogens and nematodes. In addition to biotic stresses the genetic mechanisms to ameliorate abiotic stresses such as salinity and drought are being investigated. Furthermore, M. truncatula is being used to increase understanding of plant development and cellular differentiation, with nodule differentiation providing a different perspective to organogenesis and meristem biology. This legume plant represents one of the major evolutionary success stories of plant adaptation to its environment, and it is particularly in understanding the capacity to integrate biotic and abiotic plant responses with plant growth and development that M. truncatula has an important role to play. The expanding genomic and genetic toolkit available with M. truncatula provides many opportunities for integrative biological research with a plant which is both a model for functional genomics and important in agricultural sustainability.

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Section: Medicago Truncatula CV Jemalong Agriculture and Biotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicago truncatula as a model for understanding plant interactions with other organisms, plant development and stress biology: past, present and future

Rose¹

2008

Functional Plant Biol.

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“…The explants were plated on SH induction medium lacking acetosyringinone but with 500 mg L Ϫ1 claforan and 50 mg L Ϫ1 kanamycin. Somatic embryos were matured on BOi2Y development medium (Bingham et al, 1975) containing 50 g L Ϫ1 Suc but no growth regulators or antibiotics.…”

Section: Plant Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-Superoxide Dismutase Expression in Transgenic Alfalfa Increases Winter Survival without a Detectable Increase in Photosynthetic Oxidative Stress Tolerance

et al. 2000

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To determine whether overexpression of Fe-superoxide (SOD) dismutase would increase superoxide-scavenging capacity and thereby improve the winter survival of transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants, two genotypes were transformed with the vector pEXSOD10, which contains a cDNA for Arabidopsis Fe-SOD with a chloroplast transit peptide and cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. A novel Fe-SOD was detected by native PAGE in both greenhouse-and field-grown transgenic plants, but activity varied among independent transgenic plants. The increased Fe-SOD activity was associated with increased winter survival over 2 years in field trials, but not with oxidative stress tolerance as measured by resistance of leaves to methyl viologen, a superoxide generator. Total shoot dry matter production over 2 harvest years was not associated with Fe-SOD activity. There was no detectable difference in the pattern of primary freezing injury, as shown by vital staining, nor was there additional accumulation of carbohydrates in field-acclimated roots of the transgenic alfalfa plants. We did not detect any difference in growth of one transgenic plant with high Fe-SOD activity compared with a non-transgenic control. Therefore, the improvement in winter survival did not appear to be a consequence of improved oxidative stress tolerance associated with photosynthesis, nor was it a consequence of a change in primary freezing injury. We suggest that Fe-SOD overexpression reduced secondary injury symptoms and thereby enhanced recovery from stresses experienced during winter.

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“…The paired somatic. heart somatic *cot (b) monosomes and small polysomes (fractions [5][6][7][8][9], and (c) large polysomes (fractions [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] were used for northern blot analysis against probes for the major 1 Figure 5 show the synthesis of proteins from polysomal mRNAs and those in the mRNP fraction extracted from the transition stages of developing somatic and zygotic embryos, i.e. when the patterns of storage protein synthesis change (Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Cell-free Translational Products Of Polysomal Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Cytosolic mRNAs Between Polysomal and Ribonucleoprotein Complex Fractions in Alfalfa Embryos

Pramanik¹,

Krochko²,

Bewley³

1992

Plant Physiol.

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Cell-free translational and northern blot analyses were used to examine the distribution of storage protein messages in the cytoplasmic polysomal and mRNA-protein complex (mRNP) fractions during development of somatic and zygotic embryos of alfalfa . No special array of messages was identified in the mRNP fraction; however, some messages were selectively enriched in either the polysome or mRNP fractions, and their distribution pattern varied quantitatively during development of the embryos. During the earliest stages of somatic embryo development, storage protein messages already were present, but there was no detectable accumulation of the proteins. Selective enrichment of messages for the 11S, 7S, and 2S storage proteins occurred in the mRNP fraction during the globular, heart, and torpedo stages of somatic embryogenesis, but the distribution pattern was shifted toward the polysomal fraction at the beginning of cotyledon development. Thus, there was translational repression of storage protein synthesis at the early stage of somatic embryo development that was relieved later. During the cotyledonary development stages in the somatic and zygotic embryos, storage protein synthesis and distribution of the messages were similar in that these specific messages were predominantly in the polysomal fraction.immediately after fertilization, which may result from the unmasking of messages stored in repressed mRNPs (9). Stagespecific activation of different mRNA species is also common during early embryogenic development in the surf clam (22). The presence and importance of mRNPs in plants has not been subjected to intensive study, although there is ample evidence for the presence of 'stored' mRNAs in RNPs in the mature dry seed (10,18,20,24). Their presence during embryogenesis is uncertain, although it has been reported that the mRNA for the ,B subunit of 13-conglycinin increases several days before the accumulation of the protein (14). It is suggested in this case, however, that failure of the protein to accumulate is caused by its initial instability (23).There are marked quantitative and qualitative differences in storage protein accumulation between zygotic and somatic embryos, including those of alfalfa (Medicago sativa cv Rangelander RL-34) (13). To understand the differential regulation of protein synthesis in these two embryo types, we have followed the events that take place during development. Here we relate the extent of storage protein synthesis to the distribution of their specific mRNAs in the polysomal and mRNP, nonpolysomal fractions of the cells of developing embryos. Evidence for a translational control of protein synthesis during the early stages of somatic embryogenesis is presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS Somatic Embryo ProductionA highly embryogenic clone of alfalfa (Medicago sativa cv Rangelander RL-34) isolated by Meijer and Brown (16)

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Breeding Alfalfa Which Regenerates from Callus Tissue in Culture¹

Cited by 246 publications

References 0 publications

Medicago truncatula as a model for understanding plant interactions with other organisms, plant development and stress biology: past, present and future

Medicago truncatula as a model for understanding plant interactions with other organisms, plant development and stress biology: past, present and future

Iron-Superoxide Dismutase Expression in Transgenic Alfalfa Increases Winter Survival without a Detectable Increase in Photosynthetic Oxidative Stress Tolerance

Distribution of Cytosolic mRNAs Between Polysomal and Ribonucleoprotein Complex Fractions in Alfalfa Embryos

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Breeding Alfalfa Which Regenerates from Callus Tissue in Culture1

Cited by 246 publications

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Medicago truncatula as a model for understanding plant interactions with other organisms, plant development and stress biology: past, present and future

Medicago truncatula as a model for understanding plant interactions with other organisms, plant development and stress biology: past, present and future

Iron-Superoxide Dismutase Expression in Transgenic Alfalfa Increases Winter Survival without a Detectable Increase in Photosynthetic Oxidative Stress Tolerance

Distribution of Cytosolic mRNAs Between Polysomal and Ribonucleoprotein Complex Fractions in Alfalfa Embryos

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Breeding Alfalfa Which Regenerates from Callus Tissue in Culture¹