Breed Associations for Canine Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

Batchelor, Daniel J.; Noble, P. J. W.; Cripps, Peter; Taylor, Rebecca H.; McLean, Lynn; Leibl, Marion A.; German, Alexander J.

doi:10.1892/0891-6640(2007)21[207:bafcep]2.0.co;2

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There were a large number of spaniels in the current study, mirroring a pathology study (Watson and others 2007) that found an increased relative risk of pancreatitis in Cavalier King Charles and cocker spaniels, providing further evidence for breed‐related disease in spaniels. Two studies have demonstrated an increased risk of EPI in older Cavalier King Charles spaniels in the UK (Hall and others 1991, Batchelor and others 2007), suggesting that this may be due to CP, although no pancreatic histopathological analysis was performed in those studies. The current study demonstrated histologically confirmed CP in Cavalier King Charles spaniels with EPI and also DM, providing evidence that CP is at least one cause of EPI in this breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational study of 14 cases of chronic pancreatitis in dogs

Watson

Archer

Roulois

et al. 2013

Vet Record Case Reports

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This study reports the clinical, clinicopathological and ultrasonographic findings from dogs with chronic pancreatitis (CP). Fourteen dogs with clinical signs consistent with CP and histological confirmation of the disease were evaluated. Abdominal ultrasound and clinical pathology results were recorded. Sensitivities of pancreatic enzymes for diagnosis of CP were calculated with two different cut-off values. The mean age of affected dogs was 9.1 years. Spaniels were the most common breed with CP, representing seven of the 14 dogs in this study. CP was histologically severe in nine cases. Most dogs showed chronic low-grade gastrointestinal signs and abdominal pain. Five dogs had exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and five dogs had diabetes mellitus. The sensitivity of elevated trypsin-like immunoreactivity for CP was 17 per cent. The sensitivities of canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity, lipase and amylase for CP were 44 to 67 per cent or 14 to 28 per cent depending on the cut-off value used. Cholesterol was elevated in 58 per cent of samples. Liver enzymes were often elevated. The pancreas appeared abnormal on 56 per cent of ultrasound examinations. Ten dogs had died by the end of the study period; only one case was due to CP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observational study of 14 cases of chronic pancreatitis in dogs

Watson

Archer

Roulois

et al. 2013

Vet Record Case Reports

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“…Veterinarians requested serum cobalamin analysis more frequently in younger German Shepherd Dogs and Irish Setters, which suggests that, early in life, both breeds are susceptible to gastrointestinal disease. It has been shown in North America and in Europe that EPI in German Shepherd Dogs 2 is a disease that occurs early in life and is suspected to be hereditary. The same applies for the sensitive enteropathy in Irish Setters, but this condition has been reported only in the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of serum cobalamin concentrations in dogs of 164 dog breeds (2006–2010)

et al. 2012

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Altered serum cobalamin concentrations have been observed in dogs with gastrointestinal disorders such as exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) or gastrointestinal inflammation. The aims of the current study were 1) to identify breeds with a higher proportion of dogs with a decreased serum cobalamin concentration, 2) to determine whether dogs with such decreased concentrations tend to have serum canine trypsin-like immunoreactivity (cTLI) concentrations diagnostic for EPI, and 3) to compare the number of submissions for serum cobalamin analysis by breed to the American Kennel Club (AKC) breed ranking list of 2009. In this retrospective study, results of 28,675 cobalamin tests were reviewed. Akitas, Chinese Shar-Peis, German Shepherd Dogs, Greyhounds, and Labrador Retrievers had increased proportions of serum cobalamin concentrations below the lower limit of the reference interval (<251 ng/l; all P < 0.0001). Akitas, Chinese Shar-Peis, German Shepherd Dogs, and Border Collies had increased proportions of serum cobalamin concentrations below the detection limit of the assay (<150 ng/l; all P < 0.0001). Akitas, Border Collies, and German Shepherd Dogs with serum cobalamin concentrations <150 ng/l were more likely to have a serum cTLI concentration considered diagnostic for EPI (≤2.5 µg/l; all P ≤ 0.001). The breed with the highest proportion of samples submitted for serum cobalamin analysis in comparison with the AKC ranking list was the Greyhound (odds ratio: 84.6; P < 0.0001). In Akitas and Border Collies, further investigations are warranted to clarify if a potentially breed-specific gastrointestinal disorder is responsible for the increased frequency of decreased serum cobalamin and cTLI concentrations.

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“…The predominance of Domestic Shorthair is most likely a reflection of the common occurrence of this breed in the households in general and did not identify a breed predisposition. In contrast to this, a breed predisposition for canine EPI was described for German Shepherds, Chows, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, and Rough-Coated Collies [ 21 ]. Even dog breeds that are underrepresented for EPI were described: Boxers, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, Rottweilers, and Weimaraners [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to this, a breed predisposition for canine EPI was described for German Shepherds, Chows, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, and Rough-Coated Collies [ 21 ]. Even dog breeds that are underrepresented for EPI were described: Boxers, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, Rottweilers, and Weimaraners [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signalment and Clinical Data of Cats with Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Diagnosed Using Feline Trypsin-like Immunoreactivity in Routine Diagnostics

Törner

Grassinger

Weber

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Serum feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) is commonly used to diagnose feline exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). This study aimed to describe signalment and clinical data of cats with EPI. Determination of TLI was performed using an in-house ELISA; the reference interval was defined using a Reference Limit Estimator. Groups were formed from 4813 cats (2019–2020), based on their fTLI concentration: 1 (<8 µg/L; decreased; n = 275), 2 (8–88 µg/L; reference interval; n = 4256), and 3 (>88 µg/L; increased; n = 282). Males and Domestic Shorthairs were most common in all groups. Group 3 had the highest (13 years), and group 1 had the lowest (9 years), median age. Clinical information was available for 200 cats (decreased fTLI: n = 87, lower reference interval (8–12 µg/L): n = 113). Treatment response was observed in 83% (decreased fTLI) and 66% (lower reference interval). EPI cats displayed weight loss (69%), diarrhoea (68%), vomiting (41%), anorexia (39%), poor hair coat (35%), lethargy (33%), and/or polyphagia (21%). The lower the serum fTLI concentration, the more often good treatment response was reported (p = 0.022) but there were no statistically significant clinical signs. In conclusion, fTLI is a helpful parameter to diagnose EPI but predicting treatment response based on signalment or clinical signs is not possible.

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Breed Associations for Canine Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Observational study of 14 cases of chronic pancreatitis in dogs

Observational study of 14 cases of chronic pancreatitis in dogs

Evaluation of serum cobalamin concentrations in dogs of 164 dog breeds (2006–2010)

Signalment and Clinical Data of Cats with Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency Diagnosed Using Feline Trypsin-like Immunoreactivity in Routine Diagnostics

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