Breed-associated variations in the sequence of the pig 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene1

Cue, R; Nicolau-Solano, S. I.; McGivan, J D; Wood, J.D.; Doran, Olena

doi:10.2527/jas.2006-366

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Furthermore, no differences in allele expression were observed, as well as none significant associations with any of the SNPs investigated (Table 4). The association results are in concordance with a recent study by Cue et al [45], obtaining no significant associations between the HSD3B SNPs, all located in the 5'UTR, and the androstenone level in fat from several breeds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Transcript profiling of candidate genes in testis of pigs exhibiting large differences in androstenone levels

et al. 2010

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BackgroundBoar taint is an unpleasant odor and flavor of the meat and occurs in a high proportion of uncastrated male pigs. Androstenone, a steroid produced in testis and acting as a sex pheromone regulating reproductive function in female pigs, is one of the main compounds responsible for boar taint. The primary goal of the present investigation was to determine the differential gene expression of selected candidate genes related to levels of androstenone in pigs.ResultsAltogether 2560 boars from the Norwegian Landrace and Duroc populations were included in this study. Testicle samples from the 192 boars with most extreme high or low levels of androstenone in fat were used for RNA extraction, and 15 candidate genes were selected and analyzed by real-competitive PCR analysis. The genes Cytochrome P450 c17 (CYP17A1), Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C4 (AKR1C4), Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family member 4 (DHRS4), Ferritin light polypeptide (FTL), Sulfotransferase family 2A, dehydroepiandrosterone-preferring member 1 (SULT2A1), Cytochrome P450 subfamily XIA polypeptide 1 (CYP11A1), Cytochrome b5 (CYB5A), and 17-beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase IV (HSD17B4) were all found to be significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated in high androstenone boars in both Duroc and Landrace. Furthermore, Cytochrome P450 c19A2 (CYP19A2) was down-regulated and progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) was up-regulated in high-androstenone Duroc boars only, while CYP21 was significantly down-regulated (2.5) in high-androstenone Landrace only. The genes Nuclear Receptor co-activator 4 (NCOA4), Sphingomyrlin phosphodiesterase 1 (SMPD1) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B) were not significantly differentially expressed in any breeds. Additionally, association studies were performed for the genes with one or more detected SNPs. Association between SNP and androstenone level was observed in CYB5A only, suggesting cis-regulation of the differential transcription in this gene.ConclusionA large pig material of highly extreme androstenone levels is investigated. The current study contributes to the knowledge about which genes that is differentially expressed regard to the levels of androstenone in pigs. Results in this paper suggest that several genes are important in the regulation of androstenone level in boars and warrant further evaluation of the above mentioned candidate genes, including analyses in different breeds, identification of causal mutations and possible gene interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Tajet et al [5]), sequence variation, mRNA and protein levels have been found in several studies [43-45]. In this study we found breed differences in level of expression for the genes CYP19A2 , PGRMC1 and CYP21.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Transcript profiling of candidate genes in testis of pigs exhibiting large differences in androstenone levels

et al. 2010

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“…The HSD3B gene has been entirely sequenced including the promoter. Variations detected in the promoter sequences of the porcine HSD3B do not show any relationship with the level of androstenone in fat, but are breed-dependent [10]. It can be speculated that transcription factors responsible for the liver-specific regulation of the expression of HSD3B may play an important role in regulating the deposition of androstenone in pig adipose tissue.…”

Section: Genes Involved In the Degradation Of Androstenonementioning

confidence: 93%

Genetic and metabolic aspects of androstenone and skatole deposition in pig adipose tissue: A review(Open Access publication)

Robic

Larzul²,

Bonneau³

2007

Genet. Sel. Evol.

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-High levels of androstenone and skatole in fat tissues are considered the primary causes of boar taint, an unpleasant odour and flavour of the meat from non-castrated male pigs. The aim of this article is to review our current knowledge of the biology and genetic control of the accumulation of androstenone and skatole in fat tissue. Two QTL mapping studies have shown the complexity of the genetic control of these traits. During the last ten years, several authors have taken a more physiological approach to investigate the involvement of genes controlling the metabolism of androstenone and skatole. Although some authors have claimed the identification of candidate genes, it is more appropriate to talk about target genes. This suggests that genes affecting androstenone and skatole levels will have to be sought for among specific or non-specific transcription factors interacting with these target genes.androstenone / skatole / pig / boar taint / QTL

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“…The gene has been mapped to the chromosome 4q16–4q21 [29]. The structure of the porcine 3β-HSD gene was described by Cue et al [72]. The protein encoded by the porcine gene displays most similarity to human 3β-HSD type I (373 aa) and murine types I, II, II and IV.…”

Section: 3β-hsd Isoforms In the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The enzymes responsible for the Phase I metabolism of skatole are to a great extent regulated by the presence of androstenone [113–119]. Cue et al [72] detected a number of polymorphisms in the porcine 3β-HSD 5′-flanking region. However, none of these has been associated with variations in androstenone levels.…”

Section: The Boar Taint Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 Isomerase: A Review

Rasmussen

Ekstrand

Zamaratskaia

2013

IJMS

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This review focuses on the expression and regulation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD), with emphasis on the porcine version. 3β-HSD is often associated with steroidogenesis, but its function in the metabolism of both steroids and xenobiotics is more obscure. Based on currently available literature covering humans, rodents and pigs, this review provides an overview of the present knowledge concerning the regulatory mechanisms for 3β-HSD at all omic levels. The HSD isoenzymes are essential in steroid hormone metabolism, both in the synthesis and degradation of steroids. They display tissue-specific expression and factors influencing their activity, which therefore indicates their tissue-specific responses. 3β-HSD is involved in the synthesis of a number of natural steroid hormones, including progesterone and testosterone, and the hepatic degradation of the pheromone androstenone. In general, a number of signaling and regulatory pathways have been demonstrated to influence 3β-HSD transcription and activity, e.g., JAK-STAT, LH/hCG, ERα, AR, SF-1 and PPARα. The expression and enzymic activity of 3β-HSD are also influenced by external factors, such as dietary composition. Much of the research conducted on porcine 3β-HSD is motivated by its importance for the occurrence of the boar taint phenomenon that results from high concentrations of steroids such as androstenone. This topic is also examined in this review.

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Breed-associated variations in the sequence of the pig 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene1

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Transcript profiling of candidate genes in testis of pigs exhibiting large differences in androstenone levels

Transcript profiling of candidate genes in testis of pigs exhibiting large differences in androstenone levels

Genetic and metabolic aspects of androstenone and skatole deposition in pig adipose tissue: A review(Open Access publication)

Regulation of 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 Isomerase: A Review

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