Breed and season influence on milk quality parameters and in mastitis occurrence

Abstract

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the performance of Jersey and Holstein cows under different rainfall conditions (dry and rainy seasons) by monitoring aspects related to subclinical mastitis (somatic cell count, microbiological isolation, type of isolated pathogen), milk quality (lactose, protein, fat, total solids) and production (mean milk production) of both breeds. The study was carried out in a dairy farm located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Eight visitations were done to the farm, four in a period of high rainfall and four in a period of low rainfall. Milk samples were collected from 79 Holstein cows and 37 Jersey cows for electronic somatic cell count and determination of the main milk components (protein, fat, total solids, lactose). Milk fat, protein, total solids and production were inϐluenced by breed and the season, with similar tendencies for both breeds in both seasons. Somatic cell count (SCC) showed similar results for both breeds. Holstein cows with intramammary infections (IMI) presented a higher increase in SCC when compared to Jersey cows (P<0.001).In the dry season, 53 animals had IMI in at least one month during the study, which 32 were Holstein and 21 were Jersey cows. In the rainy season, 65 animals had intramammary infection, being 43 Holstein and 22 Jersey cows. The frequency of IMI cases was larger in the rainy season than in the dry season. Jersey cows had a lower chance of showing IMI signs and symptoms than Holstein cows in the rainy season (odds ratio=0.52). The larger number of IMI cases in the rainy season may have led to a lower milk lactose rate for both breeds, thus milk lactose rate can be considered an indicator of IMI status. There was prevalence of contagious pathogens overall in the study. The applied model showed that environmental pathogens were more frequently isolated from the breed Jersey, regardless of the study season. There seems to be differences in the immune response of Jersey and Holstein breeds. co, tipo de patógeno isolado), qualidade do leite (lactose, proteína, gordura e sólidos totais) e produção (media da produção de leite) de ambas as raças. O estudo foi conduzido em propriedade leiteira localizada no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Oito visitas foram realizadas a propriedade, quatro em período de alta pluviosidade e outro em período de baixa pluviosidade. Amostras de leite foram colhidas de todos os animais para contagem eletrônica de células somáticas e determinação dos principais componentes do leite (proteína, gordura, sólidos totais, lactose). Gordura, proteína, sólidos totais e produção leiteira foram inϐluenciadas tanto pela raça como pela estação, apresentando tendên-cias similares para ambas raças em ambas estações. A con-

Genetic and nongenetic factors affecting on-farm performance of peri-urban dairy cattle in west Africa

“…Various factors have been documented to influence the milk composition, such as the breed, lactation number and stage, as well as seasonal and managerial factors. Unlike Nóbrega and Langoni (2011) and Houaga et al (2018), we could not observe a genetic effect on the variation of the milk fat and protein content; however, various environmental factors influenced the F and P percentage. The season and the lactation stage affected the F percentage, whereas the highest P percentages were determined for cows in their first lactation.…”

“…The season and the lactation stage affected the F percentage, whereas the highest P percentages were determined for cows in their first lactation. Similar to a study of Holstein and Jersey cows in Brazil, the F percentage of the milk samples in our study were highest in RS (Nóbrega and Langoni, 2011); however, in contrast to the latter study, the P percentage in our study was unaffected by the season. The seasonal variations in F percentage could be explained by dietary differences between seasons.…”

Perceptions of Factors Affecting Milk Quality and Safety among Large- and Small-Scale Dairy Farmers in Zimbabwe

“…A lot of work has gone into the selection of dairy breeds based on milk production potential and disease resistance [15]. The majority of large-scale farmers consider the breeds to use on their farms based on the resistance to diseases such as mastitis, plus other milk production characteristics.…”

“…The majority of large-scale farmers consider the breeds to use on their farms based on the resistance to diseases such as mastitis, plus other milk production characteristics. Mastitis is the most common and costly disease which can contribute to economic losses due to penalties for dairy farmers [14,15]. The large-scale farmers preferred Jersey and Holstein, while the small-scale farmers had mixed breeds.…”

Climate conditions associated with the occurrence of antimicrobial and macrocyclic lactone residues in bulk tank milk

“…It is widely known that environmental conditions are associated with the incidence of infectious diseases such as mastitis (Nóbrega and Langoni, 2011;Arcaro et al, 2013), which is the primary cause of antimicrobial drug usage in adult dairy cows (Pol and Ruegg, 2007). Furthermore, there is a seasonal effect on the number of helminth eggs per gram of feces (Araujo and Lima, 2005) with possible implications for the control of helminth infections by anthelmintic treatment in dairy cattle (Antonello et al, 2010).…”