Breathing Techniques During Labor: A Multinational Narrative Review of Efficacy

Abstract

We conducted a narrative review to assess the use and effectiveness of breathing techniques for pain control as the only non-pharmacological resource during labor and childbirth. A search was conducted using PubMed, PEDro, SciELO, and Scopus with publications between January 2005 and September 2021 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. Seven publications were selected. Most of the articles reported on the use of slow and deep breathing during contractions in the first stage of labor and breathing associated with pushing-down efforts in the second stage. The information regarding the moment when guidance on the use of the techniques was provided varied across studies. According to the reviewed papers, breathing techniques offer benefits for women in labor without adverse effects on newborns.

Polish Society of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (PTGiP) and Polish Society of Sports Medicine (PTMS) recommendations on physical activity during pregnancy and the postpartum period

“…In addition, the role of providing relevant information and focusing on breathing and relaxation techniques in antenatal education is emphasized in research [44]. Regarding breathing, the most frequently suggested techniques are slow and deep breathing during contractions in the first stage of labor and breathing while pushing in the second [45].…”