Breathing disorders during artificial lung ventilation in case of central nervous system damage

Abstract

The study focuses on breathing disorders in 119 patients with central nervous system (CNS) injuries that needed artificial lung ventilation for more than 1 day. 65% of patients had apneic, hypopneic and hyperpneic types of regulation of respiration (TRR). The normopneic type was the most favorable for survival, while the apneic one was unfavorable. It was established that a brain injury at hemispherical, diencephalic levels and low brain stem leads to the development of all TRR, while the apneic type occurs only in patients with the diffuse lesions of CNS and spinal injuries at the C <sub>1</sub>-C <sub>5</sub> level, with complications developing in the main disease. The hypopneic type occurs more often in patients with injuries of the spinal cord and cerebrovascular disease. The hyperpneic TRR does not occur in patients with spinal cord lesions at the C <sub>1</sub>-C <sub>5</sub> level. An algorithm for correction of respiratory disorders is proposed.