Breath ethane: A specific indicator of free-radical-mediated lipid peroxidation following reperfusion of the ischemic liver

Kazui, M; Andreoni, Kenneth A.; Norris, Edward J.; Klein, Andrew S.; Burdick, James F.; Beattie, Charles; Sehnert, Shelley S.; Bell, William R.; Bulkley, Gregory B.; Risby, Terence H.

doi:10.1016/0891-5849(92)90145-7

Cited by 54 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Methylated alkanes have also been proposed as markers of oxidative stress [1, 101]. Increased concentrations of exhaled n-alkanes have been observed following reperfusion of cardiopulmonary bypass [102] and in subjects with abdominal ischemia [103], ischemic liver [104], myocardial infarction [105], and ischemic heart disease [106]. Sepsis, or systemic inflammatory response syndrome, patients exhale significantly more pentane compared to that exhaled by healthy subjects [70].…”

Section: Underlying Principle In Exhaled Breath Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Exhaled Breath Test in Clinical Diagnosis: A Special Focus on the Detection of Diabetes Mellitus

2016

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Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from human exhaled breath can provide deep insight into the status of various biochemical processes in the human body. VOCs can serve as potential biomarkers of physiological and pathophysiological conditions related to several diseases. Breath VOC analysis, a noninvasive and quick biomonitoring approach, also has potential for the early detection and progress monitoring of several diseases. This paper gives an overview of the major VOCs present in human exhaled breath, possible biochemical pathways of breath VOC generation, diagnostic importance of their analysis, and analytical techniques used in the breath test. Breath analysis relating to diabetes mellitus and its characteristic breath biomarkers is focused on. Finally, some challenges and limitations of the breath test are discussed.

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Section: Underlying Principle In Exhaled Breath Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Exhaled Breath Test in Clinical Diagnosis: A Special Focus on the Detection of Diabetes Mellitus

2016

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“…Numerous markers are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids because they are vulnerable targets of ROS and form ‘stable’ end-products from unstable lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs): malondialdehyde [7], conjugated dienes [8], isoprostanes [9, 10], alkanes [8, 11], and (reactive) aldehydes [12, 13]. LOOHs spontaneously degrade into cytotoxic and genotoxic lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, especially 2-alkenals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C supplementation lowers urinary levels of 4-hydroperoxy-2-nonenal metabolites in humans

Kuiper

Bruno

Traber

et al. 2011

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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The lack of suitable biomarkers of oxidative stress is a common problem for antioxidant intervention studies in humans. We evaluated the efficacy of vitamin C supplementation in decreasing biomarkers of lipid peroxidation in nonsmokers and in cigarette smokers, a commonly studied, free-living human model of chronic oxidative stress. Participants received ascorbic acid (500 mg twice per day) or placebos for 17 d in a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design study. The urinary biomarkers assessed and reported herein are derived from 4-hydroperoxy-2-nonenal (HPNE) and include the mercapturic acid (MA) conjugates of 4-hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal (HNE); 1,4-dihydroxy-2(E)-nonene (DHN); and 4-oxo-2(E)-nonenol (ONO). Vitamin C supplementation decreased the urinary concentrations of both ONO-MA (p=0.0013) and HNE-MA (p=0.0213) by ~30%; however, neither cigarette smoking nor sex affected these biomarkers. In contrast, vitamin C supplementation decreased urinary concentrations of DHN-MA (3-way interaction p=0.0304) in nonsmoking men compared with nonsmoking women (p<0.05), as well as in nonsmoking men compared with smoking men (p<0.05). Vitamin C supplementation also decreased (p=0.0092) urinary total of metabolites bỹ 20%. Thus, HPNE metabolites can be reduced favorably in response to improved plasma ascorbic acid concentrations, an effect due to ascorbic acid antioxidant function.

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“…Saturated hydrocarbons, such as pentane and ethane, are generated in the same manner from n-6 fatty acids, which are the basic components of cell membranes. Risby et al have produced some works on this topic [18]–[24]. They document that ethane and pentane can simply and quickly reflect the degree of oxidative stress in many clinical situations, such as orthotopic liver transplants, supraceliac aortic crossclamping and cardiopulmonary bypass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath Pentane as a Potential Biomarker for Survival in Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury—A Pilot Study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundExhaled pentane, which is produced as a consequence of reactive oxygen species-mediated lipid peroxidation, is a marker of oxidative stress. Propofol is widely used as a hypnotic agent in intensive care units and the operating room. Moreover, this agent has been reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation by directly scavenging reactive oxygen species. In this study, using a porcine liver ischemia-reperfusion injury model, we have evaluated the hypothesis that high concentrations of breath pentane are related to adverse outcome and that propofol could reduce breath pentane and improve liver injury and outcome in swine in this situation.Methodology/Principal FindingsTwenty male swine were assigned to two groups: propofol (n = 10) and chloral hydrate groups (n = 10). Hepatic ischemia was induced by occluding the portal inflow vessels. Ischemia lasted for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 360 min. Exhaled and blood pentane concentrations in the chloral hydrate group markedly increased 1 min after reperfusion and then decreased to baseline. Breath and blood pentane concentrations in the propofol group increased 1 min after reperfusion but were significantly lower than in the chloral hydrate group. A negative correlation was found between breath pentane levels and survival in the chloral hydrate group. The median overall survival was 251 min after reperfusion (range 150–360 min) in the chloral hydrate group. All of the swine were alive in the propofol group.ConclusionsMonitoring of exhaled pentane may be useful for evaluating the severity of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and aid in predicting the outcome; propofol may improve the outcome in this situation.

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Breath ethane: A specific indicator of free-radical-mediated lipid peroxidation following reperfusion of the ischemic liver

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Significance of Exhaled Breath Test in Clinical Diagnosis: A Special Focus on the Detection of Diabetes Mellitus

Significance of Exhaled Breath Test in Clinical Diagnosis: A Special Focus on the Detection of Diabetes Mellitus

Vitamin C supplementation lowers urinary levels of 4-hydroperoxy-2-nonenal metabolites in humans

Breath Pentane as a Potential Biomarker for Survival in Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury—A Pilot Study

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