Breath Analysis in Disease Diagnosis: Methodological Considerations and Applications

Lourenço, Célia; Turner, Claire

doi:10.3390/metabo4020465

Cited by 241 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…Several reviews covering laser spectroscopic techniques for breath gas analysis are available in the literature [22][23][24][25][26]. Together, these reviews provide a comprehensive overview of near-infrared (near-IR) and mid-IR laser-based breath analyzers using various spectroscopic methods, their challenges, and perspectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser spectroscopy for breath analysis: towards clinical implementation

et al. 2018

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Detection and analysis of volatile compounds in exhaled breath represents an attractive tool for monitoring the metabolic status of a patient and disease diagnosis, since it is non-invasive and fast. Numerous studies have already demonstrated the benefit of breath analysis in clinical settings/applications and encouraged multidisciplinary research to reveal new insights regarding the origins, pathways, and pathophysiological roles of breath components. Many breath analysis methods are currently available to help explore these directions, ranging from mass spectrometry to laser-based spectroscopy and sensor arrays. This review presents an update of the current status of optical methods, using near and mid-infrared sources, for clinical breath gas analysis over the last decade and describes recent technological developments and their applications. The review includes: tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, cavity ring-down spectroscopy, integrated cavity output spectroscopy, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy, quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy, and optical frequency comb spectroscopy. A SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) is presented that describes the laser-based techniques within the clinical framework of breath research and their appealing features for clinical use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser spectroscopy for breath analysis: towards clinical implementation

et al. 2018

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“…Both methane and methanol detection is of considerable interest since it is considered as a potential biomarker for different gut and stomach inflammatory diseases and colorectal and lung cancer. 3 Figure 3a) shows the measured spectrum of methane (CH 4 ) with a 100 ppm concentration in synthectic air. We clearly see the R-, Q-and P-branch of methane.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research demonstrated such an approach can help differentiate between clinical patients and controls with various stages of cancer. [1][2][3] Unfortuntely cost and speed has limited its use mainly to research. The developement of a cost effective and portable platform opens the possibility of promoting breath gas analysis as a very promissing in-situ screening method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quartz-enhanced photo-acoustic spectroscopy for breath analyses

Petersen¹,

Lamard²,

Feng³

et al. 2017

SPIE Proceedings

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An innovative and novel quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensor for highly sensitive and selective breath gas analysis is introduced. The QEPAS sensor consists of two acoustically coupled microresonators (mR) with an off-axis 20 kHz quartz tuning fork (QTF). The complete acoustically coupled mR system is optimized based on finite element simulations and experimentally verified. Due to the very low fabrication costs the QEPAS sensor presents a clear breakthrough in the field of photoacoustic spectroscopy by introducing novel disposable gas chambers in order to avoid cleaning after each test. The QEPAS sensor is pumped resonantly by a nanosecond pulsed single-mode mid-infrared optical parametric oscillator (MIR OPO). Spectroscopic measurements of methane and methanol in the 3.1 µm to 3.7 µm wavelength region is conducted. Demonstrating a resolution bandwidth of 1 cm −1 . An Allan deviation analysis shows that the detection limit at optimum integration time for the QEPAS sensor is 32 ppbv@190s for methane and that the background noise is solely due to the thermal noise of the QTF. Spectra of both individual molecules as well as mixtures of molecules were measured and analyzed. The molecules are representative of exhaled breath gasses that are bio-markers for medical diagnostics.

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“…These small alterations are on the same order as expected relative to the changes of 13 CO2 exhalation after 13 C-methacetin administration in the LiMAx test. It has been long known that alveolar gas exchange is dependent on ventilation, pulmonary perfusion, and the blood:air partition coefficient, and that breath samples are not well reproducible [12]. Thus, the 12 CO2 and 13 CO2 concentrations have to be measured at the same or on a time scale much faster than the breath cycle.…”

Section: Handling Of Breath Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Status Assessment by Spectrally and Time Resolved IR Detection of Drug Induced Breath Gas Changes

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The actual metabolic capacity of the liver is crucial for disease identification, liver therapy, and liver tumor resection. By combining induced drug metabolism and high sensitivity IR spectroscopy of exhaled air, we provide a method for quantitative liver assessment at bedside within 20 to 60 min. Fast administration of 13 C-labelled methacetin induces a fast response of liver metabolism and is tracked in real-time by the increase of 13 CO 2 in exhaled air. The 13 CO 2 concentration increase in exhaled air allows the determination of the metabolic liver capacity (LiMAx-test). Fluctuations in CO 2 concentration, pressure and temperature are minimized by special gas handling, and tracking of several spectrally resolved CO 2 absorption bands with a quantum cascade laser. Absorption measurement of different 12 CO 2 and 13 CO 2 rotation-vibration transitions in the same time window allows for multiple referencing and reduction of systematic errors. This FLIP (Fast liver investigation package) setup is being successfully used to plan operations and determine the liver status of patients.

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Breath Analysis in Disease Diagnosis: Methodological Considerations and Applications

Cited by 241 publications

References 169 publications

Laser spectroscopy for breath analysis: towards clinical implementation

Laser spectroscopy for breath analysis: towards clinical implementation

Quartz-enhanced photo-acoustic spectroscopy for breath analyses

Liver Status Assessment by Spectrally and Time Resolved IR Detection of Drug Induced Breath Gas Changes

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