Breastfeeding Patterns in Relation to Thumb Sucking and Pacifier Use

Aarts, Clara; Hörnell, Agneta; Kylberg, Elisabeth; Hofvander, Y; Gebre‐Medhin, Mehari

doi:10.1542/peds.104.4.e50

Cited by 111 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…12 The increased risk was similarly small (approximately 1.5) in the United States, 13 and no impact on early weaning was found in Canada. 14 In southern Brazil, however, a marked effect on the risk of shortened duration was found with a hazard ratio of 3 associated with pacifier use at 1 month.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In Sweden, however, there has been a declining trend in pacifier use in the first week of life, and there was a sudden drop in 1992 (from 57% to 36%) coincident with the launch of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative. 12 In Brazil, a more achievable short-term goal may be to delay their introduction. Formative research is needed to identify approaches and motivational messages for achieving such a goal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breastfeeding and Early Weaning Practices in Northeast Brazil: A Longitudinal Study

Marques

Lira²,

Lima

et al. 2001

Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT. Objectives. To describe breastfeeding practices from 0 to 12 months of age in 4 small towns that are representative of urban northeast Brazil and to identify factors associated with introduction of other milk in the first month of life.Methods. From January to August 1998, 364 mothers were interviewed at delivery to ascertain antenatal care; delivery room practices; and their intentions regarding breastfeeding, pacifiers, and introduction of water, teas, and other milk. Their perceptions of home support and the advantages of breastfeeding also were assessed. Thereafter, daily information about feeding practices was collected at twice-weekly home visits. When other milk was started, a second interview was conducted to ascertain initial and current breastfeeding problems and use of a pacifier. Reasons for starting other milk were investigated using 5-point Likert scales.Results. Mothers were positive toward breastfeeding, and 99% breastfed their new infant. Few intended to breastfeed exclusively, and in the first week 80% gave water/tea and 56% used a pacifier. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding was 0 days, and the median age for starting other milk was 24 days. The median duration of breastfeeding was 65 days for mothers who started other milk within 1 month and 165 days for other mothers. After adjustment for confounding variables, the main factors associated with introduction of other milk within 1 month were pacifier use in the first week (odds ratio [OR], 4.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07-7.78), intention to start other milk in the first month (OR, 3.79; 95% CI: 1.74 -8.24), giving water/tea in the first week (OR, 3.07; 95% CI: 1.56 -6.03), and leaving the maternity ward before breastfeeding was started (OR, 2.59; 95% CI: 1.34 -5.04).Conclusion. Although breastfeeding is common in this community, it rarely is exclusive and takes place for a relatively short duration. Identification of risk factors for early introduction of other milk offers potential avenues for future intervention, including improvement of breastfeeding support in antenatal and maternity services. Pediatrics 2001;108(4). URL: http://www. pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/108/4/e66; pacifiers, breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, risk factors.ABBREVIATIONS. OR, odds ratio; IQR, interquartile range; CI, confidence interval.T he Brazilian national breastfeeding promotion program began in 1981 and was noted for its intensity, coverage, and innovation. 1 Each state organized training for all categories of health professionals and also for traditional healers and others in the nonformal health sector. High-profile mass media campaigns featured national superstars, and legislation was passed on issues such as the advertising of breast milk substitutes and increased maternity leave. 2 Brazil also has been an active participant in the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, and in 1998 there were 103 accredited hospitals. 3 Data from national surveys showed an increase in the median duration of breastfeeding from 74 days in 1...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding and Early Weaning Practices in Northeast Brazil: A Longitudinal Study

Marques

Lira²,

Lima

et al. 2001

Pediatrics

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“…In this context, early use of a pacifier and/or feeding bottle may cause some infants to adopt a faulty breastfeeding technique, the so-called nipple confusion, which may lead to early weaning. 9,[11][12][13][14] Some studies suggested a relationship between pacifier use, as well as bottle-feeding, and bacteria or yeast infections, chiefly Candida albicans. 9,12 Moreover, pacifier use has also been implicated in an increased risk for acute otitis media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7] A direct relationship between short breastfeeding duration and increased prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits, especially pacifier use, has been reported. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, a possible association between breast-or bottle-feeding durations and the age of persistence of pacifier-sucking habits is not completely elucidated. Information on the age at which prolonged non-nutritive sucking behaviors cease would be more meaningful to better understand the etiology of malocclusions in the primary dentition than a simple positive registration of such habits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of breast- and bottle-feeding duration on the age of pacifier use persistence

et al. 2009

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This study evaluated the effect of breast-and bottle-feeding duration on the age of pacifier use persistence. Questionnaires (n = 723) with information on nutritive and nonnutritive sucking habits of children aged 3-6 years were assessed. The sample was divided according to breastfeeding duration: G1 -non-breastfed, G2 -up to 3 months, G3 -discontinued between 4 and 6 months, G4 -discontinued between 7 and 12 months, and G5 -longer than 12 months. The children were also assigned to 4 groups by age of pacifier use persistence, as well as by age of bottle-feeding persistence: no habits, up to 2 years, 3-4 years and 5-6 years. Associations between nutritive sucking habits and pacifier use were analyzed using logistic regression. The larger breastfeeding groups were G2 (37.9%) and G4 (19.4%). Many children discontinued pacifier use and bottle-feeding at 3-4 years of age (24.9% and 40.1%, respectively). Chances of non-breastfed children (G1) with prolonged pacifier-sucking habits, in the three age ranges, were progressively higher in comparison with group G4 (OR: 4.0-7.5, p < 0.01). When comparing bottle-fed with non bottle-fed children, the age range at which bottle-feeding had been discontinued was significantly associated with that of pacifier use cessation: up to 2 years (OR = 6.2), 3-4 years (OR = 7.6) and 5-6 years (OR = 27.0), p < 0.01. It may be suggested that breastfeeding duration has an inversely proportional effect on the age of pacifier use persistence. Bottle-fed children who use pacifiers tend to discontinue these habits at the same period.

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“…A negative correlation between the use of a dummy and successful breastfeeding was found in all 14 studies 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 published between 1999 and 2012 (Table 3). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Breastfeeding and dummy use have a protective effect on sudden infant death syndrome

et al. 2015

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We conducted a literature review on the effect of breastfeeding and dummy (pacifier) use on sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). From 4343 abstracts, we identified 35 relevant studies on breastfeeding and SIDS, 27 on dummy use and SIDS and 59 on dummy use versus breastfeeding.ConclusionWe found ample evidence that both breastfeeding and dummy use reduce the risk of SIDS. There has been a general reluctance to endorse dummy use in case it has a detrimental effect of breastfeeding. However, recent evidence suggests that dummy use might not be as harmful to breastfeeding as previously believed.

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Breastfeeding Patterns in Relation to Thumb Sucking and Pacifier Use

Abstract: More frequent use of a pacifier was associated with shorter breastfeeding duration, even among a group of mothers who were highly motivated to breastfeed. breastfeeding duration, breastfeeding pattern, exclusive breastfeeding, pacifier use, thumb sucking.

Cited by 111 publications

References 17 publications

Breastfeeding and Early Weaning Practices in Northeast Brazil: A Longitudinal Study

Breastfeeding and Early Weaning Practices in Northeast Brazil: A Longitudinal Study

Effect of breast- and bottle-feeding duration on the age of pacifier use persistence

Breastfeeding and dummy use have a protective effect on sudden infant death syndrome

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