Breastfeeding is associated with increased lung function at 18 years of age: a cohort study

Soto‐Ramírez, Nelís; Alexander, Melannie; Karmaus, Wilfried; Yousefi, Mitra; Zhang, Hongmei; Kurukulaaratchy, Ramesh; Raza, Abid; Mitchell, Frances; Ewart, Susan; Arshad, Syed Hasan

doi:10.1183/09031936.00037011

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…After obtaining informed written consent 1,456 were enrolled and available for follow-up at 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years of age. Among them, 1,121 children were tested for spirometry either at 10 (n = 981) or 18 years of age (n = 838) or both (n = 698) The IOW cohort is described in detail elsewhere [23–25]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood and adolescent lung function: A path analysis

Balte

Karmaus

Roberts

et al. 2016

Respiratory Medicine

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Background Low birth weight and gestational maternal smoking have been linked with reduced lung function in children in many cross sectional studies. However, these associations have not yet been assessed with repeated measurements of lung function. Our aim was to investigate the effects of birth weight, gestational age, and gestational maternal smoking on lung function in children at age 10 and 18 years. Methods In the Isle of Wight birth cohort spirometry was performed at age 10 and 18 years. Information on birth weight and gestational age were obtained from hospital records. Mothers were asked about smoking during pregnancy. We employed linear mixed models to estimate the effect of these risk factors on repeated measurements of lung function. We considered maternal asthma, sex, neonatal intensive care unit admission, height, socio-economic status, personal smoking in participants at age 18, body mass index and environmental tobacco smoke exposure as potential confounders. Finally, we used path analysis to determine links between birth weight, gestational age and gestational maternal smoking on lung function at age 10 and 18 years. Results Linear mixed models showed that with every 1 kg increase in birth weight, Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) increased by 42.62 ± 17.15 mL and Forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75) increased by 95.51 ± 41.19 mL at age 18 years after adjusting for potential confounders. Path analysis suggested that birth weight had positive direct effects on FEV1 and FEF25-75 and positive indirect effect on Forced vital capacity (FVC) at 10 years which were carried forward to 18 years. Additionally, results also suggested a positive association between gestational age and FEV1, FVC and FEF25-75 at ages 10 and 18 years and an inverse association between gestational smoke exposure and FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF25-75 at age 18 years. Conclusions Higher birth weight and gestational age were associated with higher FEV1, FVC and FEF25-75 and gestational smoking was associated with reduced FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF25-75. The use of path analysis can improve our understanding of underlying “causal’ pathways among different prenatal and childhood factors that affect lung function in both pre-adolescent and adolescent periods.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spirometry was performed and evaluated according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) criteria. Children were required to be free of respiratory infection for two weeks and not to be taking any oral corticosteroids and were advised to abstain from any β-agonist medication for six hours and from caffeine intake for at least 4 hours [23]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood and adolescent lung function: A path analysis

Balte

Karmaus

Roberts

et al. 2016

Respiratory Medicine

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“…Breastfeeding for over four months is associated with increased lung volume at age 10 (7). Increased lung function was also seen at age 18 but stratifying by height reduced this association (8). Additionally, prolonged breastfeeding mitigated the impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy and recurrent lower respiratory tract infection (RLRTI) on asthma risk (repeated measures up to age 10) (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the efficacy of breastfeeding guidelines on long-term outcomes for allergic disease

Bion

Lockett

Soto‐Ramírez

et al. 2016

Allergy

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Background WHO guidelines advocate breastfeeding for six months, and EAACI recommends exclusive breastfeeding for 4–6 months. However, evidence for breastfeeding to prevent asthma and allergic disease is conflicting. We examined whether following recommended breastfeeding guidelines alters the long-term risks of asthma, eczema, rhinitis, or atopy. Methods The effect of non-exclusive (0, >0–6, >6 months), and exclusive breastfeeding (0, >0–4, >4 months) on repeated measures of asthma (10, 18 years), eczema, rhinitis, and atopy (1-or-2, 4, 10, 18 years) risks were estimated in the IoW cohort (n=1456) using log-linear models with generalised estimating equations. The Food Allergy and Intolerance Research (FAIR) cohort (n=988), also from the IoW, was examined to replicate results. Results Breastfeeding (any or exclusive) had no effect on asthma and allergic disease in the IoW cohort. In the FAIR cohort, any breastfeeding for >0–6 months protected against asthma at 10 years (RR=0.50, 95%CI=0.32–0.79, p=0.003) but not other outcomes, while exclusive breastfeeding for >4 months protected against repeated rhinitis (RR=0.36, 95%CI=0.18–0.71, p=0.003). Longer breastfeeding was protective against late-onset wheeze in the IoW cohort. Conclusion The protective effects of non-exclusive and exclusive breastfeeding against long-term allergic outcomes were inconsistent between these co-located cohorts, agreeing with previous observations of heterogeneous effects. Although breastfeeding should be recommended for other health benefits, following breastfeeding guidelines did not appear to afford consistent protection against long-term asthma, eczema, rhinitis or atopy. Further research is needed into the long-term effects of breastfeeding on allergic disease.

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“…As recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, breastfeeding should occur for 2 years or more, being the exclusive source of nutrition for 6 months (2) . Studies have shown the many benefits of breastfeeding, such as reduced risk of asthma (3) and obesity in childhood and adolescence (4) , as well as benefitting lung function (3,5,6) and participating in the development of orofacial structures and functions (7)(8)(9) . Literature agrees that breastfeeding for a long time is related to a lower incidence of non-nutritive sucking habits (10,11) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferência dos bicos ortodônticos e convencionais no sistema estomatognático: revisão sistemática

Corrêa

Bueno

Lauris

et al. 2016

CoDAS

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RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar se o tipo de bico, ortodôntico ou convencional, de chupeta e mamadeira, tem alguma influência sobre as alterações encontradas no sistema estomatognático causadas pela manutenção do hábito de sucção. Estratégia de pesquisa: Por meio de uma revisão de literatura sistemática com metanálise, realizada a partir das bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Embase e com a ferramenta de busca Google Acadêmico™, com os seguintes descritores em português e inglês: “Má oclusão” + “Chupetas”; “Má oclusão” + “Alimentação Artificial”; “Má oclusão” + “Mamadeira”, além das palavras “Bico Ortodôntico” + “Bico Convencional”. Critérios de seleção: Foram incluídos estudos que apresentassem em seus métodos a comparação de grupos que utilizaram chupeta e/ou mamadeira com bico convencional com grupos que utilizaram o bico ortodôntico, sem delimitação temporal. Análise dos dados: A análise do artigo na íntegra foi realizada de modo sistemático, com as seguintes categorias tabelando os resultados pertinentes: objetivo, método - casuística e avaliação, resultados e conclusão. Resultados: Foram encontrados 1.041 trabalhos, período de 1969 a 2013, desses foram excluídos 848 trabalhos, devido aos critérios de exclusão, e outros 174 que eram repetições. Foram lidos na íntegra 19 trabalhos, dos quais quatro artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão propostos, e três trabalhos foram incluídos na metanálise. Tais resultados expressaram que não há diferenças significantes entre os bicos ortodôntico e convencional quanto às implicações no sistema estomatognático. Conclusão: Não há possibilidade de concluir a existência de diferenças quanto às consequências no sistema estomatognático ocasionadas por bicos convencionais e ortodônticos de chupetas/mamadeiras.

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Breastfeeding is associated with increased lung function at 18 years of age: a cohort study

Cited by 36 publications

References 31 publications

Relationship between birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood and adolescent lung function: A path analysis

Relationship between birth weight, maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood and adolescent lung function: A path analysis

Evaluating the efficacy of breastfeeding guidelines on long-term outcomes for allergic disease

Interferência dos bicos ortodônticos e convencionais no sistema estomatognático: revisão sistemática

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