Breastfeeding: crucially important, but increasingly challenged in a market-driven world

Pérez‐Escamilla, Rafael; Tomori, Cecília; Hernández‐Cordero, Sonia; Baker, Phillip; Barros, Aluísio J. D.; Bégin, France; Chapman, Donna J.; Grummer‐Strawn, Laurence M.; McCoy, David; Menon, Purnima; Neves, Paulo Augusto Ribeiro; Piwoz, Ellen; Rollins, Nigel; Victora, César G.; Richter, Linda

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01932-8

Cited by 196 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Therefore, the exclusive breastfeeding goal in Nevada will not be met unless key modifiable risk factors such as pacifier use are culturally appropriately addressed [ 20 ]. Some evidence-based initiatives that could embed culturally appropriate messages to promote breastfeeding and reduce pacifier use may include (i) providing education programs for parents and caregivers through various channels such as prenatal classes, postnatal support groups, and online resources [ 60 ], (ii) increasing access to community-based initiatives that offer perinatal support through peer counselor [ 61 ] and lactation consultants [ 62 ], (iii) training of health providers can help ensure that parents receive consistent messages on pros and cons of pacifier use, and (iv) promoting regulatory policies such as restrictions of predatory marketing of pacifiers [ 63 , 64 ]. Many of these recommendations are embedded into the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative which follows the “Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding”.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada

et al. 2023

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Background Pacifier use can interfere with nurturing care practices such as breastfeeding, soothing, and sleeping. Due to contradicting beliefs, recommendations, and the high frequency of pacifier use, understanding its associations may support shaping equitable public health recommendations. This study explored the socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada. Method Cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2021 with a sample of mothers (n = 276) of infants under six months old in Clark County, Nevada. Participants were recruited through advertisements in birth, lactation, pediatric care centers, and social media. We used binomial and multinomial logistic models to assess the association between pacifier use and the age of pacifier introduction, respectively, with household, maternal, infant, healthcare characteristics, and feeding and sleeping practices. Results More than half of the participants offered pacifiers (60.5%). Pacifier use was higher among low-income households (OR (95% CI) 2.06 (0.99–4.27)), mothers who identified as non-Hispanic (OR (95% CI) 2.09 (1.22–3.59)), non-first-time mothers (OR (95% CI) 2.09 (1.11–3.05)), and bottle-feeding infants (OR (95% CI) 2.76 (1.35–5.65)). Compared to those who did not introduce a pacifier, non-Hispanic mothers (RRR (95% CI) 2.34 (1.30–4.21)) and bottle-fed infants (RRR (95% CI) 2.71 (1.29–5.69)) had a higher risk of introducing pacifier within two weeks. Likewise, infants living in food insecure households (RRR (95% CI) 2.53 (0.97–6.58)) and mothers who have more than one child (RRR (95% CI) 2.44 (1.11–5.34)) had a higher risk of introducing a pacifier after two weeks. Conclusion Pacifier use is independently associated with maternal income, ethnicity, parity, and bottle feeding among six-month-old infants living in Clark County, Nevada. Household food insecurity increased the relative risk of introducing a pacifier after two weeks. Qualitative research on pacifier use among families with diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds is needed to improve equitable interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada

et al. 2023

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“…10 Studies show that initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth can reduce the risk of neonatal death by as much as 22%, 11 potentially saving an estimated 200 000 newborns in the region each year. Breastfeeding also aids healthy growth, a reduced infection risk, optimal brain development, cognitive stimulation, and bonding, 9 which are essential for healthy early development.…”

Section: Initiating Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing local jurist networks across South Asia to protect breastfeeding

Sethi¹,

Murira²

2023

BMJ

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“…The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that BF be exclusive for the rst six months of life and that it be continued up to two years of age or for as long as the mother and child wish. BF offers multiple physical and mental health bene ts for both mother and child and is environmentally friendly [2][3][4]. Some of the short-term bene ts to the child's health include protection against gastrointestinal and respiratory infection, atopy, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of lactation type, accessories, purchasing habits, and diet: The GREEN MOTHER-I project, an observational study protocol

Cabedo-Ferreiro,

Liutsko,

Cos-Busquets

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Breastfeeding (BF) is the healthiest form of nutrition for babies and is recommended exclusively (EBF) for at least the first six months of life. The carbon footprint of formula feeding (FF) has been studied, but that of BF is unknown. Aim: To identify the environmental impact of EBF vs. FF and mixed feeding (MF), taking into account the accessories needed for BF and the diet of postpartum women during the baby’s first month of life. Methods: This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted in the Barcelona North Metropolitan Area (Catalonia, Spain). The participating sites are primary care settings that will recruit 408 pregnant and/or postpartum women (4-6 weeks) as per inclusion/exclusion criteria. The data will be collected through a GREEN MOTHER Survey (Phase 1) that includes 4 dimensions: 1) socio-demographic and clinical data; 2) data on a newborn and accessories used in lactation; 3) general data on the mother's diet (includes habits on purchasing and cooking), and 4) 24h of the mother diet register. The data analysis will be performed to check the prevalence of BF types at month 0 and month 1, as well as a comparative analysis of three types of BF on environmental impact (carbon footprint; water consumption, and scarcity). Ethics: This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Jordi Gol i Gurina University Institute Foundation for Primary Health Care Research (IDIAP) under code 22/101-P dated 22/02/2023. Discussion: The results of the project will be disseminated during and after its duration: The CO2 impact of EBF, FF, and MF calculated in the current Study I will be included in the educational materials of the intervention program of Study II (the following step of the two-phases GREEN MOTHER project). We expect that the project results - through the publication and dissemination of scientific papers and reports - among relevant stakeholders (association of community midwives and the general public) will increase the public awareness of breastfeeding and its impact on sustainability. Keywords: Public health; Postpartum Women; Maternal medicine; Protocols & Guidelines; Health Education; Nutrition & Dietetics; Sustainability; Carbon footprint, climate impact, environmental impact

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Breastfeeding: crucially important, but increasingly challenged in a market-driven world

Cited by 196 publications

References 135 publications

Socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada

Socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada

Harnessing local jurist networks across South Asia to protect breastfeeding

Environmental impacts of lactation type, accessories, purchasing habits, and diet: The GREEN MOTHER-I project, an observational study protocol

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