Breastfeeding and Weaning: Practices in Urban Slums of Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmed, Khalil; Talha, Muhammad; Khalid, Zainab; Khurshid, Mehvish; Ishtiaq, Rizwan

doi:10.7759/cureus.2189

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Weaning at 6 months was practiced mostly by the working women as compared to non-working women. 11 In our study, 95% mothers were having high knowledge. Kitiyu P, et al reported that the mean knowledge score was 9.12 ± 1.2 out of possible maximum of 11 (77% high knowledge, 1.1% low knowledge) after delivery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of New-Mothers Presenting in Obstetrical Out-Patient Department

Abid

Rauf

et al. 2021

APMC

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Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) with colostrum feeding improves the survival of the newborns. This varies with the time of initiation of breast-feeding, its duration and the age of weaning. Knowledge of breast feeding, attitude of mothers and their practices varies with many factors among populations. Objective: (1) To determine the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice among mothers of infants 0–6 months of age presenting in obstetrical out-patient department. (2) To assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of new-mothers regarding breastfeeding presenting in obstetrical out-patient department. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: One month from August 01, 2020. Methodology: All new mothers of healthy infants 0–6 months old born between 37 and 42 gestation weeks attending the obstetrics OPD were included in the study. A detailed history was taken from all mothers. Parity, current age of infant, weight, height, BMI, BMI category, educational status, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and any pre-lacteal feed given, was noted. The independent variables for the study were maternal knowledge and attitudes towards EBF. 15 questions for assessment of knowledge and 12 for maternal attitude were used. Results: Among these 100 women, 66% (n=66) were currently feeding their newborns, but only 17% (n=17) of the total 100 women were practicing exclusive-breast-feeding. 95% were having good and above average knowledge regarding breast feeding practices. Still only half of the mothers had a positive attitude towards breast feeding; only 66% of the women were practicing breast feeding. Among educated mother 47.6% had a positive attitude toward breast feeding. Mothers with knowledge of breast-feeding above average/good were of 25 years or above age group. Conclusion: Education of the mothers can be linked to their high knowledge but is not significantly associated with their positive attitudes. Positive campaigns are required focusing not only un-educated young mothers, but also involving young educated primiparous women. Women should be encouraged from the first pregnancy regarding exclusive breast feeding and colostrum feeding, without the use of any pre-lacteal feeds, whatever the mode of delivery is.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of New-Mothers Presenting in Obstetrical Out-Patient Department

Abid

Rauf

et al. 2021

APMC

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“…They are however lower than the 69.9% of the babies who were weaned at 6 months in our study. On the other hand, in other studies in Jodphur, India [20] and Pakistan [21] 84.28% and 86% of mothers started weaning their babies at the age of 6 months respectively. Early and late initiation of the weaning processes has been associated with different forms of malnutrition and diarrhoea and as such should be discouraged [17,22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Knowledge and practice of weaning among mothers attending the paediatric outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria

West¹,

Aitafo²,

Okari³

2022

Int. J. Adv. Community Med.

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Background: Adequate weaning confers both short and long-term benefits on a child's health and well-being. Weaning practice is determined by a mother's knowledge amongst other factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study carried out from 1 st of June -31 st of May 2021. Assessments were graded as good, fair and poor knowledge or practice. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23. Fishers' Exact test was used to test for statistical significance, with P value set at <0.05. Results: Most mothers were aged 30-35years 67(38.7%), married 171(98.8%), resided in the urban area 146(84.4%), were traders/businesswomen 73(42.2%), had tertiary education 136(78.6%) and had a parity of 2, 61(35.3%). Majority 110(63.6%) had heard of the word 'weaning' but only 72(43.9%) could correctly define it. Majority 145(83.8%) had good knowledge while 5(2.9%) had poor knowledge. Majority 106(61.3%) had good practice while 2(1.1%) had poor practice. Majority 121(69.9%) of mothers who weaned their babies before 6 months did so because they felt the breast milk was not enough 21(42.6%). Others felt they were stressed 7(14.9%) and because of resumption at work 7(14.9%). Most mothers who stopped breastfeeding before 2 years of age did so mainly because the babies stopped on their own 21(25.6%), ate more of complimentary foods 20(24.4%) and because of work pressure 9(11.1%). There was significant association between the mother's occupation (P value=0.003), and level of education (P value < 0.001) with the level of weaning knowledge. There was a significant association between the level of practice of weaning and male sex (P value=0.016). Conclusion: There was good knowledge and good practice of weaning among mothers attending the paediatric outpatient clinic. There is however still room for improvement of weaning practices by mothers by further education on weaning as well as provision of support by community support groups.

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“…Majority of mothers, i.e., 63% were housewives and majority of respondents belonged to the middle income group as 41(41%). The analysis showed that 61% mothers had inadequate knowledge about proper child feeding and weaning practice compare with other group as 39% with pvalue 0.01 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Weaning Practices in Mothers of Infants age 6 to 12 months visiting Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta

Qadir¹,

Mohammed²,

Rehman³

et al. 2021

PJMHS

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Background: Weaning can be described as gradually increasing the amount of foods other than breast 's milk in the infant's diet. Breast feeding for the first four to six months is recommended by the WHO for a full-term healthy child by a healthy mother. Aim: To find weaning-related factors that contribute, strengthen, and enable mothers of infants under the age of 12 months to obey or not obey guidance for proper infant feeding by World Health Organization's (WHO-2009) Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional descriptive study. From March 2020 to January 2021, pre design performa was used to collect data from 100 mothers of infants under the age of 12 months who lived in Quetta City and visited at OPD department of Sandeman Provincial Hospital in Quetta. .The multiple rounds of data collection were done. The data was analyzed by SPSS 20. Statistical test like chi- square test was applied to obtain the required results. Results: Total 100 babies consist of 41(41%) male and 59(59%) femaleenrolled. The mothers in the sample were on average 27.2 ± 4.2 years old with the age range of 20-40 years. Results showed that mothers of 6-8 months’ kids 18(45%) fully aware about the importance of weaning and feed their children with different soft food along with breast feeding which increased at the age of 8-12 month as 22(73.33%).Majority of mothers, i.e63% were housewives. The social status showed lower middle income 34% and 41% of research participants belonged to the middle income group.The findings showed that 61% mothers had inadequate knowledge about proper child feeding and weaning practice compare with other group as 39% with p-value 0.01. Conclusion: Mothers should be well informed about the benefits and importance of weaning, as well as the age in which weaning should begin and the different forms of weaning diets available. This target can be met with the assistance of LHWs and LHVs, as well as the use of social media. It is important to stress the importance of continuing to breastfeed after weaning. Key words: Mothers; Practices; Infants: Weaning.

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Breastfeeding and Weaning: Practices in Urban Slums of Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of New-Mothers Presenting in Obstetrical Out-Patient Department

Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of New-Mothers Presenting in Obstetrical Out-Patient Department

Knowledge and practice of weaning among mothers attending the paediatric outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria

Weaning Practices in Mothers of Infants age 6 to 12 months visiting Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta

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