Breast volume estimation from systematic series of CT scans using the Cavalieri principle and 3D reconstruction

Abstract

Our results suggest that the calculation of breast volume or its part in vivo from systematic series of CT scans using the Cavalieri principle or 3D breast reconstruction is accurate enough to have a significant clinical benefit in planning reconstructive breast surgery. These methods can help the surgeon guide the choice of the most appropriate implant or/and flap preoperatively.

3D Modeling of Abdominal Surface Area in Cats

“…In addition to the fact that the division being time-consuming, shaping the .stl file of the ROI in CAD software also presents some difficulties. One of the problems is the fact that these systems require a large storage space, making the modelling difficult when the files are large [23]. Nevertheless, these techniques allow a great step forward since it is very difficult to measure internal cavities with exact methods [4,[17][18][19].…”

“…Nevertheless, these techniques allow a great step forward since it is very difficult to measure internal cavities with exact methods [4,[17][18][19]. The described technique of 3D modelling of anatomical structures are associated with some error, when compared with the actual structures; the literature describes errors between 2.9 % and 4.95 %, an error considered quite low [23,24,27]. The 3D anatomical model of the abdominal cavity of cats is in accordance with what is described in the anatomic literature: a structure without major changes in terms of shape between individuals, and without major changes in terms of volume and area [1,2].…”

“…The physical determination of viscera and organic cavities dimension, like volume and surface area, sometimes is a challenge in the several fields of medicine [4,[17][18][19][20][21][22]. The last two decades have led to great advances in medical systems of image acquisition and its manipulation, allowing its use in quantifying anatomic structures [23].…”

“…Since then, there has been great technological development, allowing the use of these techniques to determine and calculate anatomical parameters of various organs with precision, when compared with real models [23,[25][26][27][28]. The three-dimensional (3D) construction of anatomical models is possible through the segmentation, with demarcation of each region of interest (ROI), and construction of the mesh representative of the structure.…”

“…The three-dimensional (3D) construction of anatomical models is possible through the segmentation, with demarcation of each region of interest (ROI), and construction of the mesh representative of the structure. Using computer-aided design (CAD) software, such as Solid Works (Dassault Systemes, US, enables the modelling of the structure and the calculation of mass properties such as volume, density, surface area and centre of mass of the ACSA [23,29].…”