Breast Ultrasound

Sencha, Alexander N.; Evseeva, Elena V.; Mogutov, Mikhail S.; Patrunov, Yury N.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-36502-7

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Level II or III lymph nodes should not be detected in a healthy woman; therefore, it is important to be vigilant when a lymph node is postoperatively detected in level II or III areas, especially after level II lymph nodes have been theoretically cleared during axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and metastasis of breast carcinoma usually progresses from level to level in the axillary region . Earlier research demonstrated that the following features might be indicative of a metastasized lymph node: size larger than 10 mm, a round shape, an anechoic component, calcification, deformation and even disappearance of the hilum, focal cortical thickening, and general hypovascularity or hypervascularity. Unfortunately, axillary level II and III lymph nodes mostly present as small hypoechoic nodules, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the medulla and the cortex.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, axillary level II and III lymph nodes mostly present as small hypoechoic nodules, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the medulla and the cortex. As a result, the conventional features for predicting malignancy might not be completely appropriate for level II and III nodes. Moreover, there are technical difficulties with obtaining biopsy specimens of nodes that are smaller than 1 cm by core needle biopsy (CNB) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound Imaging for Detecting Metastasis to Level II and III Axillary Lymph Nodes after Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Invasive Breast Cancer

Lin

Xiang

et al. 2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives The diagnostic value of axillary ultrasound (US) for level II and III axillary lymph node metastasis after axillary lymph node dissection for invasive breast cancer is currently not clear. The objectives of this study were to retrospectively analyze the diagnostic value of axillar US for level II and III axillary lymph node metastasis and compare it with palpation and to analyze the US features of level II and III axillary lymph nodes that are predictive of metastatic recurrence during follow‐up. Methods Cases with level II or III axillary lymph nodes detected by US between January 2005 and December 2017 at a cancer center were divided into 2 groups according to a retrospective analysis of US findings: potential malignancy group and follow‐up group. Biopsy was performed in all patients in the potential malignancy group. In the follow‐up group, the patients were followed for at least 2 years, and biopsy was performed if suspicious US features were detected. Results The 401 enrolled cases were followed by axillary US and physical examination (PE) for comparison. Finally, 55 axillary metastases were pathologically confirmed (14%). The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for axillary US were 92.7%, 93.9%, and 0.933, respectively, and the corresponding values for PE were 49.1%, 91.3%, and 0.702 (P < .001). An increase in the major or minor axis diameter of the lymph nodes of greater than 2 mm, a Solbiati index value of less than 1.5, and the presence of new suspicious lesions in other regions were significant predictors of lymph node metastasis based on the US findings (P = .013, .006, .015, and .036). Conclusions Axillary is helpful in the follow‐up of level II and III axillary lymph nodes after axillary lymph node dissection for invasive breast cancer and can detect cancer recurrence earlier than PE.

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confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Imaging for Detecting Metastasis to Level II and III Axillary Lymph Nodes after Axillary Lymph Node Dissection for Invasive Breast Cancer

Lin

Xiang

et al. 2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Furthermore, tumor detection rates are lower in dense breasts [3]. Ultrasound is a low-cost method, but its e ectiveness depends on the operators' expertise [4]. Breast images produced by MRI can be highly detailed.…”

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Intelligent Tomographic Microwave Imaging for Breast Tumor Localization

Mehedi

Rao

Al‐Saggaf

et al. 2022

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Researchers are continuously exploring the potential use of microwave imaging in the early detection of breast cancer. The technique offers a promising alternative to mammography, a standard clinical imaging procedure today. The contrast in dielectric properties between normal and cancerous tissues makes microwave imaging a viable technique for detecting breast cancer. Experimental results are presented in this paper that demonstrate the detection of breast cancer using microwaves operating at 2.4 GHz. The procedure involves antenna fabrication, phantom tissue development, and image reconstruction. Design and fabrication of patch antenna are used in the study, described in detail. The patch antenna pair is used for transmitting and receiving source waves. Tissue mimicking models were developed from paraffin wax and glycerin for the dielectric constants of 9 and 47, respectively, representing the tissue and tumor. Further, AI-based tomographic images were obtained by implementing a filtered back-projection algorithm in the computer. In the results, the presence of the tumor is quantitatively analyzed.

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