Breast tumors associated with nipple discharge correlation of findings on galactography and sonography

Suspicious Nipple Discharge Diagnostic Evaluation

“…The PPV and NPVs of DG have been reported to be 19% and 63%, respectively (sensitivity, 76%; specificity, 11%); these values are consistent with those of other studies and confirm that DG is not effective in distinguishing between malignant and benign causes of nipple discharge (Morrogh et al, 2007). The routine use of DG in cases of suspicious ND remains controversial (Rongione et al, 1996;Chung et al, 1995;Orel et al, 2000).…”

“…This is followed by www.intechopen.com MMG (Sakorafas, 2001). DG is more sensitive than ND cytology and MMG in detecting intraductal lesions (Rongione et al, 1996;Chung et al, 1995;Orel et al, 2000). It was found that when a standard evaluation was negative for a lesion, the addition of DG localized 19 of 25 (76%) otherwise occult malignant/high-risk lesions and 80 of 88 (91%) benign lesions (Morrogh et al, 2010).…”

Ultrasonographic alterations associated with the dilatation of mammary ducts: feature analysis and BI-RADS assessment

“…Recent advances in US image quality have allowed the detection of ductal systems of more than 0.5 mm in diameter [8] and the subtle changes attributable to an intraductal tumour itself or to necrosis [12,20]. For dilated duct lesions, US is useful in evaluating not only the nature of the mass but also its relationship to the affected ductal system [10,12].…”

“…For dilated duct lesions, US is useful in evaluating not only the nature of the mass but also its relationship to the affected ductal system [10,12]. The morphological characteristics of the dilated duct pattern are helpful in differentiating intraductal disease processes from other focal breast abnormalities, such as fibroadenoma [8,10,14,21]. In our series, the dilated duct pattern raised the level of suspicion of intraductal tumour (69%, 118 of 172) and was apparent in 60% (102 of 172) of cases of intraductal papillary lesions and in 9% (16 of 172) of DCIS.…”

“…Magnetic resonance mammary ductography can potentially be used in the diagnostic assessment of pathological nipple discharge and intraductal lesions [6,7]. With high-resolution real-time equipment, the dilated duct pattern can easily be detected and traced, and an intraductal mass or the presence of an associated mass can be identified [8][9][10][11][12]. Breast US-guided core-needle biopsy can also be performed readily, and is a diagnostically accurate alternative to excisional biopsy [13].…”