Abstract:Breast cancer treatment has dramatically changed over the past century. Since Halsted's first description of radical mastectomy in 1882, breast reconstruction has evolved slowly from being considered as a useless or even dangerous procedure by surgeons to the possibility nowadays of reconstructing almost any kind of defect. In this review on the development of breast reconstruction, we outline the historical milestone innovations that led to the current management of the mastectomy defect in an attempt to unde… Show more
“…[9][10][11] Current surgical procedures for breast reconstruction include autologous breast reconstruction, implant-based breast reconstruction, and combined implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction. 12,13 A variety of autologous tissues, such as the DIEP, TRAM, and latissimus dorsi flap are available. 14 Various factors, such as the general condition of the patient, recipient area, and alternative donor sites, need to be evaluated before breast reconstruction to select the appropriate donor site.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Current surgical procedures for breast reconstruction include autologous breast reconstruction, implant-based breast reconstruction, and combined implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction 12,13 . A variety of autologous tissues, such as the DIEP, TRAM, and latissimus dorsi flap are available 14 .…”
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of surgical timing, procedure, and age, on complication rates, health-related quality of life, and postoperative satisfaction, in patients who underwent breast reconstruction. Methods: The data of 80 patients who underwent breast reconstruction surgery between August 2004 and June 2018 were reviewed. Patients were grouped according to surgical timing, procedure, and age. The evaluation indicators included complications and BREAST-Q scores. The statistical methods used included the Mann-Whitney U test and analyses of variance and covariance. Results: The incidence of complications was 15.0% (12/80). The complication rates were similar in each group ( P > 0.05). The postsurgical scores of patient satisfaction with breast, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being were higher than the presurgical scores ( P < 0.05). The postoperative psychosocial and sexual well-being scores of patients in the immediate group were higher than those in the delayed group ( P < 0.05). The satisfaction with the outcome in the abdominal flap group was higher than that in the other group, whereas the sexual well-being score of the abdominal flap group was lower than that of the other group ( P < 0.05). The scores of the postoperative physical well-being of the chest and abdomen in the younger group were higher than that in the older group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Breast reconstruction can significantly improve patients' health-related quality of life and satisfaction. Immediate breast reconstruction can reduce the adverse psychological and physical effects that breast loss exerts on patients, leading to better postoperative satisfaction. Patients who underwent breast reconstruction with abdominal flaps had higher postoperative satisfaction. Breast reconstruction in elderly patients was associated with considerable postoperative satisfaction.
“…[9][10][11] Current surgical procedures for breast reconstruction include autologous breast reconstruction, implant-based breast reconstruction, and combined implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction. 12,13 A variety of autologous tissues, such as the DIEP, TRAM, and latissimus dorsi flap are available. 14 Various factors, such as the general condition of the patient, recipient area, and alternative donor sites, need to be evaluated before breast reconstruction to select the appropriate donor site.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Current surgical procedures for breast reconstruction include autologous breast reconstruction, implant-based breast reconstruction, and combined implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction 12,13 . A variety of autologous tissues, such as the DIEP, TRAM, and latissimus dorsi flap are available 14 .…”
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of surgical timing, procedure, and age, on complication rates, health-related quality of life, and postoperative satisfaction, in patients who underwent breast reconstruction. Methods: The data of 80 patients who underwent breast reconstruction surgery between August 2004 and June 2018 were reviewed. Patients were grouped according to surgical timing, procedure, and age. The evaluation indicators included complications and BREAST-Q scores. The statistical methods used included the Mann-Whitney U test and analyses of variance and covariance. Results: The incidence of complications was 15.0% (12/80). The complication rates were similar in each group ( P > 0.05). The postsurgical scores of patient satisfaction with breast, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being were higher than the presurgical scores ( P < 0.05). The postoperative psychosocial and sexual well-being scores of patients in the immediate group were higher than those in the delayed group ( P < 0.05). The satisfaction with the outcome in the abdominal flap group was higher than that in the other group, whereas the sexual well-being score of the abdominal flap group was lower than that of the other group ( P < 0.05). The scores of the postoperative physical well-being of the chest and abdomen in the younger group were higher than that in the older group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Breast reconstruction can significantly improve patients' health-related quality of life and satisfaction. Immediate breast reconstruction can reduce the adverse psychological and physical effects that breast loss exerts on patients, leading to better postoperative satisfaction. Patients who underwent breast reconstruction with abdominal flaps had higher postoperative satisfaction. Breast reconstruction in elderly patients was associated with considerable postoperative satisfaction.
“…15 Similar to breast cancer surgery, breast reconstruction has experienced significant improvement in techniques, aesthetic outcomes, and morbidity profile. 16 Autologous and alloplastic reconstructive options have been described for the mastectomy patient, both with good aesthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction. 17 Implant-based reconstruction surpassed autologous reconstruction as the most common approach to reconstruction in the last 20 years.…”
Background
Superior aesthetic outcomes can be achieved with mastectomy techniques that maximize breast envelope preservation and maintain the nipple-areolar complex. This is the impetus for the popularization of the nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). Nipple-sparing mastectomy is a challenging procedure due to potential ischemia of the mastectomy flap (which includes the nipple-areolar complex) and the risk of incomplete oncologic resection. We review our experience with NSM, identify technique modifications used over time, and evaluate reconstructive outcomes of NSM and its modifications.
Methods
A retrospective review of consecutive patients with NSM and breast reconstruction over an 8-year period was completed.
Results
Fifty-five patients underwent 95 NSMs. Indications included invasive and in situ cancer, atypical ductal hyperplasia, and risk reduction. In the first 4 years of experience, the most frequently used NSM incision was radial (lateral) whereas use of a variety of incision patterns was noted in the second 4 years. Overall NSM and breast reconstruction complication rate for the entire study period was 50.9% and included a full-thickness mastectomy skin flap necrosis/nipple necrosis rate of 8.4%. In situ cancer of the nipple was identified in 3.2% of the patients, and 1 patient had locoregional recurrence. Overall complication rate was lower in the second 4 years of experience with NSM and reconstruction. One third of the patients underwent intraoperative fluorescent angiography (FA) to assess mastectomy skin perfusion before reconstruction start. Of the patients who had FA due to perfusion concerns, more than 70% of studies demonstrated poor perfusion and 83.3% of these patients had reconstruction delayed based on these results. Immediate, implant-based reconstruction was performed most commonly. An average of 2.66 procedures were required to achieve reconstruction completion, and 92.4% of the patients who sought reconstruction achieved completion.
Conclusions
At our institution, NSM use is increasing, NSM incision pattern types used are expanding, and complication rates are decreasing. Immediate, implant-based reconstruction is most commonly used in combination with NSM at our institution. Fluorescent angiography is used to assess mastectomy skin perfusion and likely limits mastectomy complication effects on reconstruction. Despite the occurrence of complications, most patients will complete the breast reconstruction process.
“…Breast reconstruction includes one‐stage reconstruction and two‐stage reconstruction. The former performs breast reconstruction at the same time as mastectomy, so there is no psychological pain of breast loss, and the latter is delayed reconstruction after breast cancer surgery 5,6 . Breast reconstruction can not only improve the physical shape of patients after breast cancer surgery, but also restore the patient's psychological self‐confidence.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The former performs breast reconstruction at the same time as mastectomy, so there is no psychological pain of breast loss, and the latter is delayed reconstruction after breast cancer surgery. 5,6 Breast reconstruction can not only improve the physical shape of patients after breast cancer surgery, but also restore the patient's psychological self-confidence. These are in line with the principles of modern fast recovery surgery and are beneficial to the physical and mental health of patients after surgery.…”
Background
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the world, and most patients require a mastectomy. Women who have undergone mastectomy often suffer from breast loss that seriously affects their daily life, and breast reconstruction is not only beneficial to patient's quick recovery after surgery, but also their mental health. So, in recent years, more and more female breast cancer patients are receiving breast reconstruction surgery. We aim to map hot trends in breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer and provide directions for future research.
Methods
We screened all literature (2011–2021) on breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer from The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and analyzed research trends in this field using Vosviewer and CiteSpace.
Results
Based on the search results, a total of 3404 articles related to breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer were screened. The US (n = 1371) is the country with the highest number of articles, followed by Italy (n = 282) and the UK (n = 277). Harvard University (n = 183) was the institution with the highest number of publications, followed by the University of Texas (n = 141) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (n = 136). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is the most published journal in the field. Pusic AL is the most published author in the field, while Matros E is the most cited author on average. Cluster analysis showed that breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer is a hot topic of research by scholars, and more and more experts recommend breast reconstruction for breast cancer patients.
Conclusions
This study comprehensively summarizes and analyzes global research trends in breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer. In the past 10 years, there has been a significant increase in relevant high‐quality publications in this field, and the field of breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer has a promising future.
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