Breast milk retinol concentration in mothers of preterm newborns

Lima, Mayara Santa Rosa; Ribeiro, Karla Danielly da Silva; Pires, Jeane Franco; Bezerra, Dalila Fernandes; Bellot, Paula Emília Nunes Ribeiro; Weigert, Luana; Dimenstein, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.01.006

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is expected that the VA concentrations in the colostrum are usually high (14,44) , which was confirmed in the results of the present study. This is the main reason explaining why the median value in the colostrum was higher than the cut-off point of 1.05 lmol L À1 (15,45) ; however, this does not mean that these values will remain after the subsequent lactation periods are reached because, over time, there is a remarkable drop in the VA levels of the breast milk (46)(47)(48) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Retinol status and associated factors in mother–newborn pairs

Bezerra

Ribeiro

Lima

et al. 2019

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Background Vitamin A deficiency is still considered to be a nutritional problem during pregnancy, lactation and early childhood. The present study aimed to assess the vitamin A status of women and their newborns in the Brazilian Northeast and to determine the association between retinol in the maternal serum, umbilical cord blood and colostrum. Methods Vitamin A status in 65 pairs of women and newborns was assessed from samples of the mother’s serum, umbilical cord serum and colostrum using high‐performance liquid chromatography. The inadequacy of the vitamin A status of mothers and infants was identified if the retinol values were <0.7 µmol L−1 in maternal serum or umbilical cord blood or <1.05 µmol L−1 in colostrum. Results The prevalence of inadequate maternal vitamin A status was 21.5% (95% CI: 11.5%–31.5%) and 13.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.4%–22.2%] based on maternal serum and colostrum, respectively. Among newborns, 41.5% (95% CI = 29.3%–53.5%) presented a low status of vitamin A based on cord serum. Multiple linear regression analysis identified that maternal serum retinol is a predictor of umbilical cord retinol (P = 0.005). Retinol in maternal serum was lower in mothers who were less educated (P = 0.04) and colostrum retinol was higher in older (P = 0.04) and multiparous (P = 0.002) mothers. Conclusions Vitamin A deficiency is a common problem among mothers attended in public hospitals in Northeast Brazil and maternal retinol concentrations are associated with retinol status in newborns. Maternal age, parity and educational level were related to the maternal vitamin A status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Retinol status and associated factors in mother–newborn pairs

Bezerra

Ribeiro

Lima

et al. 2019

J Human Nutrition Diet

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“…Retinol (vitamin A) has been described as an in vitro substrate of OATP1A2, participating in the uptake of retinol in the human retinal pigmented epithelium [75]. Since the placental transport of retinol from the mother to the foetus is blocked during the first stages of pregnancy, the retinol content in milk is critical, especially for preterm newborns, whose feeding depends exclusively on this product [76]. However, until now, it remains unclear whether OATP1A2 is also involved in transepithelial transfer of retinol in the mammary gland.…”

Section: Oatpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transporters in the Mammary Gland—Contribution to Presence of Nutrients and Drugs into Milk

et al. 2019

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A large number of nutrients and bioactive ingredients found in milk play an important role in the nourishment of breast-fed infants and dairy consumers. Some of these ingredients include physiologically relevant compounds such as vitamins, peptides, neuroactive compounds and hormones. Conversely, milk may contain substances—drugs, pesticides, carcinogens, environmental pollutants—which have undesirable effects on health. The transfer of these compounds into milk is unavoidably linked to the function of transport proteins. Expression of transporters belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC-) and Solute Carrier (SLC-) superfamilies varies with the lactation stages of the mammary gland. In particular, Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides 1A2 (OATP1A2) and 2B1 (OATP2B1), Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1), Novel Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCTN1), Concentrative Nucleoside Transporters 1, 2 and 3 (CNT1, CNT2 and CNT3), Peptide Transporter 2 (PEPT2), Sodium-dependent Vitamin C Transporter 2 (SVCT2), Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 5 (ABCC5) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (ABCG2) are highly induced during lactation. This review will focus on these transporters overexpressed during lactation and their role in the transfer of products into the milk, including both beneficial and harmful compounds. Furthermore, additional factors, such as regulation, polymorphisms or drug-drug interactions will be described.

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“…Indeed, the amount of retinol concentration in milk seems to be independent of serum retinol levels. On the contrary, several reports have revealed a strong correlation between vitamin A and carotenoid content in the diet during pregnancy and lactation and the amount of these micronutrients secreted in breast milk [17,43,90,91]. Due to the positive relationship between dietary intake of carotenoids and breastmilk concentration, breastfeeding mothers should have a diet abundant in this micronutrient.…”

Section: Vitamin a Concentration In Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vitamin A in Mammary Gland Development and Lactation

et al. 2019

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Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol), its active derivatives retinal and retinoic acid, and their synthetic analogues constitute the group of retinoids. It is obtained from diet either as preformed vitamin A or as carotenoids. Retinal plays a biological role in vision, but most of the effects of vitamin A are exerted by retinoic acid, which binds to nuclear receptors and regulates gene transcription. Vitamin A deficiency is an important nutritional problem, particularly in the developing world. Retinol and carotenoids from diet during pregnancy and lactation influence their concentration in breast milk, which is important in the long term, not only for the offspring, but also for maternal health. In this study, we review the role of vitamin A in mammary gland metabolism, where retinoid signaling is required not only for morphogenesis and development of the gland and for adequate milk production, but also during the weaning process, when epithelial cell death is coupled with tissue remodeling.

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Breast milk retinol concentration in mothers of preterm newborns

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Retinol status and associated factors in mother–newborn pairs

Retinol status and associated factors in mother–newborn pairs

Transporters in the Mammary Gland—Contribution to Presence of Nutrients and Drugs into Milk

Role of Vitamin A in Mammary Gland Development and Lactation

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