Breast Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)

Sharma, Uma; Jagannathan, N. R.

doi:10.1002/9780470034590.emrstm1167

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…A pooled analysis of 1 H MRS data based on the observation of tCho peak for the differentiation of malignant tumors from benign lesions reported sensitivity and specificity of 83 and 85%, respectively (8–12). tCho was also reported in some benign lesions, normal subjects and in the lactating breast of normal subjects (8, 10, 15–19), indicating the need for a quantitative assessment of tCho concentration and defined tCho cutoff values for normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tCho was also reported in some benign lesions, normal subjects and in the lactating breast of normal subjects (8, 10, 15–19), indicating the need for a quantitative assessment of tCho concentration and defined tCho cutoff values for normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues. Semiquantitative approaches using tCho signal‐to‐noise ratio have also been reported for the differentiation of malignant and benign lesions (12, 15, 17) as well as for monitoring therapeutic response (30). As the sensitivity of tCho detection using 1 H MRS is variable due to differences in voxel size, the amount of adipose tissue and the efficiency of the receiver coil, a more general and accurate method of estimating the tCho concentration is necessary for improving the accuracy of lesion diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H MRS) studies have reported elevated levels of several biochemicals such as choline (Cho), phosphocholine (PCho), lactate, taurine, succinate, uridine‐5′‐diphospho‐ N ‐acetylglucosamine, and uridine‐5′‐diphospho‐ N ‐acetylgalactosamine in tumor tissues compared to noninvolved breast tissues (7). However, only total choline (tCho) in malignant breast tissues can be detected in vivo using 1 H MRS (8–14), and its presence has been reported to differentiate malignancy with a sensitivity and specificity of about 83 and 85%, respectively (11, 12). Inclusion of in vivo 1 H MRS in a clinical setting has been reported to increase the specificity of MRI and has been shown to have potential to reduce the number of benign biopsies (12, 13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only total choline (tCho) in malignant breast tissues can be detected in vivo using 1 H MRS (8–14), and its presence has been reported to differentiate malignancy with a sensitivity and specificity of about 83 and 85%, respectively (11, 12). Inclusion of in vivo 1 H MRS in a clinical setting has been reported to increase the specificity of MRI and has been shown to have potential to reduce the number of benign biopsies (12, 13). The advancement in hardware, radiofrequency coil technology and pulse sequences for simultaneous suppression of both water and fat resonances further improved the sensitivity of MRS.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The hair follicle barrier to involvement by malignant melanoma

Pozdnyakova

Grossman²,

Barbagallo

et al. 2009

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Melanoma characteristically grows within the epidermis along the dermal-epidermal junction, sometimes extending outward up to several centimeters beyond the foci of invasive tumors. Although follicular involvement by malignant melanoma is widely recognized, to the authors\u27 knowledge no previously published data address this phenomenon. METHODS: To examine the growth characteristics of in situ melanomas in relation to the hair follicle microanatomy, the authors analyzed 100 cases of primary cutaneous melanomas (61 in situ and 39 invasive melanomas with significant in situ components) obtained from pathology clinical archives. RESULTS: Eighty-two (82%) cases of melanoma in situ demonstrated tumor cells within \u3eor=1 hair follicles. Of those, 57 (69.5%) cases demonstrated the tumor cells only within the infundibulum. Extension of the tumor cells down to the isthmus was observed in 24 cases (29.3%). In only 1 exceptional case (1%) were tumor cells detected beneath the level of the hair follicle bulge. CONCLUSIONS: The authors postulate that a physiologic barrier restricts the intraepithelial spread of melanoma tumor cells at or beyond the level of the stem cell niche in the hair follicle bulge. Although the nature of this barrier remains to be elucidated, the distinct biologic characteristics of the hair follicle bulge may provide clues to understanding this phenomenon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The hair follicle barrier to involvement by malignant melanoma

Pozdnyakova

Grossman²,

Barbagallo

et al. 2009

Cancer

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“…In the last decade, considerable interest has been shown in the use of 1 H MRS methods for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions and for monitoring the therapeutic response of breast tumors 24, 25. Tissues are not only rich in water and fat, but also in many biochemicals (metabolites) that are detected by MRS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo¹H MRS in the assessment of the therapeutic response of breast cancer patients

Sharma

Baek

et al. 2011

NMR in Biomedicine

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MRI and in vivo MRS have rapidly evolved as sensitive tools for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in cancer research. In vivo MRS provides information on tumor metabolism, which is clinically valuable in the diagnosis and assessment of tumor response to therapy for the management of women with breast diseases. Several centers complement breast MRI studies with 1H MRS to improve the specificity of diagnosis. Malignant breast tissues show elevated water-to-fat ratio and choline-containing compounds (total choline, tCho), and any effect of therapy on tissue viability or metabolism will be manifested as changes in these levels. Sequential 1H MRS studies have shown significantly reduced tCho levels during the course of therapy in patients who were responders. However, there are challenges in using in vivo MRS because of the relatively low sensitivity in detecting the tCho resonance with decreased lesion size or significant reduction in the tumor volume during therapy. MRS is also technically challenging because of the low signal-to-noise ratio and heterogeneous distribution of fat and glandular tissues in the breast. MRS is best utilized for the diagnosis of focal masses, most commonly seen in patients with ductal-type neoplasms; however, it has limitations in detecting nonfocal masses, such as the linear pattern of tumors seen in invasive lobular carcinoma. Further work is required to assess the clinical utility of quantitative MRS, with the goal of automation, which will reduce the subjectivity currently inherent in both qualitative and semi-quantitative MRS.

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MR spectroscopy in breast cancer metabolomics

Sharma

Jagannathan

2021

Analytical Science Advances

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Breast cancer poses a significant health care challenge worldwide requiring early detection and effective treatment strategies for better patient outcome. A deeper understanding of the breast cancer biology and metabolism may help developing better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Metabolomic studies give a comprehensive analysis of small molecule metabolites present in human tissues in vivo. The changes in the level of these metabolites provide information on the complex mechanism of the development of the disease and its progression. Metabolomic approach using analytical techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has evolved as an important tool for identifying clinically relevant metabolic biomarkers. The metabolic characterization of breast lesions using in-vivo MRS has shown that malignant breast tissues contain elevated levels of choline containing compounds (tCho), suggesting rapid proliferation of cancer cells and alterations in membrane metabolism. Also, tCho has been identified as one of the important biomarkers that help to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and also for monitoring treatment response. Further, metabolome of malignant tissues can be studied using ex vivo and in vitro MRS at high magnetic fields. This provided the advantage of detection of a large number of compounds that facilitated more comprehensive insight into the altered metabolic pathways associated with the cancer development and progression and also in identification of several metabolites as potential biomarkers. This article briefly reviews the role of MRS based metabolic profiling in the discovery of biomarkers and understanding of the altered metabolism in breast cancer. K E Y W O R D Sbiomarker, breast cancer, ex vivo, in vitro, in vivo, in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), metabolomics, therapeutic response INTRODUCTIONBreast cancer is a major healthcare concern for women globally. 1 Early diagnosis of breast cancer plays an important role in effective therapeutic management and in improving survival and quality-of-life. The radiological imaging techniques such as mammography and ultrasoundThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Breast Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

The hair follicle barrier to involvement by malignant melanoma

The hair follicle barrier to involvement by malignant melanoma

In vivo¹H MRS in the assessment of the therapeutic response of breast cancer patients

MR spectroscopy in breast cancer metabolomics

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Breast Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

The hair follicle barrier to involvement by malignant melanoma

The hair follicle barrier to involvement by malignant melanoma

In vivo1H MRS in the assessment of the therapeutic response of breast cancer patients

MR spectroscopy in breast cancer metabolomics

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In vivo¹H MRS in the assessment of the therapeutic response of breast cancer patients