Breast Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: State of the Art: 2015

Reintgen, Michael; Kerivan, Lauren; Reintgen, Eric; Swaninathan, Santosh; Reintgen, Douglas S.

doi:10.1016/j.clbc.2016.02.014

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This is consistent with the principle of SLN evaluation frequently used to guide lymph node extirpation in human medicine 10. For five dogs, multiple SLN were extirpated and in three of these cases, all SLN were in agreement.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…Other techniques such as lymphoscintigraphy or near-infrared imaging with indocyanine green may increase the ability to identify the SLN in such cases. 7,20 Lymphoscintigraphy has also been used to allow for both pre-and intraoperative identification of lymph nodes and could be considered in future studies to increase the success rate of SLN identification, 10 Another limitation of this study is the lack of knowledge of the effects of medical therapies on CT lymphangiography results. These treatments may have an effect on the lymph node opacification patterns by decreasing tumour burden within the lymph node, but it is currently unknown how this would affect CT lymphangiography findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Sentinel lymph node (SLN) evaluation is widely used in humans to evaluate the first lymph node to which a tumour drains. [8][9][10] Few studies have been performed to evaluate SLNs in dogs, but one such study showed that 42% of dogs have a SLN that is not the closest node to the tumour. 7 Consequently, the lymph node that is typically evaluated for metastasis is not likely to be the first lymph node to develop metastatic foci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of indirect computed tomography lymphangiography to determine metastatic status of sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with a pre‐operative diagnosis of melanoma or mast cell tumour

Grimes

Secrest

Wallace

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Canine melanomas and mast cell tumours (MCTs) frequently metastasize to lymph nodes, worsening prognosis compared with dogs without metastasis. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) evaluation is more specific than evaluation of the lymph node closest to the tumour, which may not be the draining lymph node. Computed tomography lymphangiography (CTL) allows for SLN identification and one study of canine mammary tumours found that CTL was able to assist in determination of the metastatic status of inguinal SLNs prior to extirpation and histopathology. The objective of the present study was to evaluate CTL for use in determining metastasis to the SLN in dogs with a pre-operative diagnosis of melanoma or MCT in various locations by correlating CTL findings with histopathology. The hypothesis was that CTL would not be able to determine the metastatic status of lymph nodes, based on author experience. Dogs were prospectively enrolled and underwent CTL and subsequent SLN extirpation. Histopathology results for the primary tumour, SLN, and additional extirpated lymph nodes were recorded. Fifteen dogs were enrolled and 21 SLN were evaluated. The SLN enhancement pattern (heterogeneous, homogenous or peripheral) was not associated with metastasis, nor was the attenuation value at 1 minute, 5 minutes, or the change in attenuation value. No correlation was found between CTL findings and metastatic status of SLNs. Based on these results, CTL alone cannot be used to diagnose SLN metastasis. Extirpation of the SLN with histopathology is recommended to diagnose lymph node metastasis in dogs with melanoma and MCT.

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supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of indirect computed tomography lymphangiography to determine metastatic status of sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with a pre‐operative diagnosis of melanoma or mast cell tumour

Grimes

Secrest

Wallace

et al. 2020

Vet Comparative Oncology

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“…5,37 In human medicine, sentinel lymph node biopsy is also frequently used to guide lymphadenectomy. 17,19,27 With sentinel lymph node biopsy, the first lymph node receiving drainage from the tumor is identified with the use of lymphoscintigraphy and dye techniques. 19 This lymph node is evaluated for metastasis, and if found, the remainder of the lymph nodes in the region are removed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agreement Between Cytology and Histopathology for Regional Lymph Node Metastasis in Dogs With Melanocytic Neoplasms

et al. 2017

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Melanocytic neoplasms are common in dogs and frequently occur within the oral cavity or in haired skin. The behavior of melanocytic neoplasms is variable and depends on tumor location, size, and histopathologic features. This study compared cytopathology and histopathology of 32 lymph nodes from 27 dogs diagnosed with melanocytic neoplasms. Agreement between the original cytology report, cytology slide review, original histopathology report, and histopathology slide review was determined for each lymph node. A subset of lymph nodes was subjected to immunohistochemistry (Melan-A) and additional histochemical stains/techniques (Prussian blue, bleach) to assist in differentiation of melanocytes and melanophages. Agreement ranged from slight to fair for each of the variables evaluated with weighted kappa (κ) or kappa (κ) analysis (original cytology vs cytology review κ = 0.24; original cytology vs original histopathology κ = 0.007; original cytology vs histopathology review κ = 0.23; cytology review vs original histopathology κ = 0.008; cytology review vs histopathology review κ = 0.006; and original histopathology vs histopathology review κ = 0.18). The diagnoses (metastatic, equivocal, or negative for metastasis) of the original report and slide review for both cytology and histopathology were not significantly correlated with survival in this population of patients. Overall, agreement between cytology and histopathology was poor even with a single clinical or anatomic pathologist performing slide review. Consensus between routine cytology and histopathology for staging of lymph nodes in patients with melanocytic neoplasms is poor and does not correlate with survival.

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“…The first SLN studies included melanoma and breast cancer patients. Currently, SLN biopsy is a routine procedure for these pathologies plus cervical and vulvar cancer as well [3–6]. SLN biopsy is based on an ordered dissemination of tumor cells from peritumoral lymphatics to the SLN, and then to more distant lymph nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Basics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Anatomical and Pathophysiological Considerations and Clinical Aspects

Doğan

Favero

et al. 2019

Journal of Oncology

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Sentinel lymph node (SLN) is the first node to receive the drainage directly from a tumor. Detection and pathological examination of the SLN is an important oncological procedure that minimizes morbidity related to extensive nodal dissection. SLN biopsy was first reported in 1960 but took approximately 40 years to come into general practice following reports of good outcomes in patients with melanoma. After many years of observation and research on its use in various malignancies SLN biopsy has become the standard surgical treatment in patients with malignant melanoma, breast, vulvar, and cervical cancers. Along with the introduction of new technologies, such as the fluorescent dyes indocyanine green (ICG) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIR), and pathologic ultrastaging, SLN detection rate has increased and false-negative rate has decreased. This literature review aimed to present an overview of the basic concepts and clinical aspects of SLN biopsy in the light of the current research.

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Breast Lymphatic Mapping and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: State of the Art: 2015

Cited by 23 publications

References 55 publications

Use of indirect computed tomography lymphangiography to determine metastatic status of sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with a pre‐operative diagnosis of melanoma or mast cell tumour

Use of indirect computed tomography lymphangiography to determine metastatic status of sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with a pre‐operative diagnosis of melanoma or mast cell tumour

Agreement Between Cytology and Histopathology for Regional Lymph Node Metastasis in Dogs With Melanocytic Neoplasms

The Basics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Anatomical and Pathophysiological Considerations and Clinical Aspects

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