Breast Lump- A Clinicopathological Study

Abstract

BACKGROUNDBreast lumps are showing a rising trend nowadays. Heightened anxiety associated with breast lump and its classification into benign and malignant is necessary. Seeing the burden of disease and rising trend of malignancy, our study aimed to document the spectrum of breast lump at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna.Aims and Objectives-Breast lumps are quite common, but the principal issue is differentiating malignant from the benign subgroups. The determinants of histologic diagnosis are multifactorial, ranging from environmental, genetic to sex and age-related factors. This study aimed to document the spectrum of breast lumps in our environment. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis is a descriptive prospective analysis of consecutive breast lumps biopsied at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sheikhpura, Patna between December 2015 and November 2016. The data were analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. RESULTSA total of 200 patients with 220 breast lumps were seen, 198 females and 2 males giving male: female ratio of 1: 99. The ages of the patients ranged between 16 -82 years with a mean of 37.0 +/-SD 13.0. Majority (59.6%) of the patients had benign lumps. Fibroadenoma was the commonest (35%), followed closely by invasive ductal carcinoma (14.4%) and then fibrocystic change (5%). The occurrence of breast cancer was strongly age-related, being 1 in 5 biopsies at 20 -29 years and 3 in 5 biopsies at 40 -49 years' age groups. Over two-third patients with breast cancers were premenopausal. CONCLUSIONMost patients with breast complaints present with lumps and majority are benign, fibroadenoma being the commonest histology. Occurrence of breast cancer is strongly age-related with majority of cancer patients presenting late.