Breast Cancers Detected at Screening MR Imaging and Mammography in Patients at High Risk: Method of Detection Reflects Tumor Histopathologic Results

Abstract

Purpose:To compare the clinical, imaging, and histopathologic features of breast cancers detected at screening magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, screening mammography, and those detected between screening examinations (interval cancers) in women at high risk. Materials and Methods:This retrospective institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant review of 7519 women at high risk for breast cancer who underwent screening with MR imaging and mammography between January 2005 and December 2010 was performed to determine the number of screeningdetected and interval cancers diagnosed. The need for informed consent was waived. Medical records were reviewed for age, risk factors (family or personal history of breast cancer, BRCA mutation status, history of high-risk lesion or mantle radiation), tumor histopathologic results, and time between diagnosis of interval cancer and most recent screening examination. The x 2 test and logistic regression methods were used to compare the features of screening MR imaging, screening mammography, and interval cancers. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to calculate P values. Results:A total of 18 064 screening MR imaging examinations and 26 866 screening mammographic examinations were performed. Two hundred twenty-two cancers were diagnosed in 219 women, 167 (75%) at MR imaging, 43 (19%) at mammography, and 12 (5%) interval cancers. Median age at diagnosis was 52 years. No risk factors were associated with screening MR imaging, screening mammography, or interval cancer (P . .06). Cancers found at screening MR imaging were more likely to be invasive cancer (118 of 167 [71%]; P , .0001). Of the 43 cancers found at screening mammography, 38 (88%) manifested as calcifications and 28 (65%) were ductal carcinoma in situ. Interval cancers were associated with nodal involvement (P = .005) and the triple-negative subtype (P = .03). Conclusion:In women at high risk for breast cancer who underwent screening with mammography and MR imaging, invasive cancers were more likely to be detected at MR imaging, whereas most cancers detected at screening mammography were ductal carcinoma in situ. Interval cancers were found infrequently and were more likely to be node positive and of the triple-negative subtype.q RSNA, 2016

Contrast‐enhanced MRI for breast cancer screening

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MRI breast screening revisited

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Trends in breast cancer mortality by stage at diagnosis among young women in the United States

“…12–16 For women at high risk of developing breast cancer, mammography screening may start at age 30, or MRI screening at age 25. 17, 18 As breast cancer screening is sparse in young women <40 years of age, improvements in breast cancer survival in this population are mostly attributable to advances in breast cancer treatment. In this study, we used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program’s 9 registry areas 1975–2015 to assess the trends in breast cancer incidence rates among young women 20–39 years old, and to evaluate the improvements in breast cancer survival among female patients diagnosed between 20 and 39 years old.…”