Breast Cancer Screening

Fuller, Mackenzie S.; Lee, Christoph I.; Elmore, Joann G.

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.002

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…This observation is because the test would prevent death from breast cancer in less than 0.01 % of women under age 50 who undergo screening. Considering the problems of unnecessary treatment due to false-positive results, stress caused by the diagnosis of women who do not die from this disease (correct and incorrect diagnoses) and other problems, the risks outweigh the benefits of mammography in this age group [ 41 ]. This type of results can be only evaluated in randomized clinical trials because the validity studies do not deal with this aspect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the radiographic examination on diagnosis and treatment decision of caries lesions in primary teeth – the Caries Detection in Children (CARDEC-01) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Mendes

Pontes

Gimenez

et al. 2016

Trials

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BackgroundAlthough most clinical guidelines throughout the world indicate that clinicians take two bitewings for detecting caries lesions in primary molars of all children, evidence for this recommendation is essentially based on cross-sectional studies performed in laboratory settings or using convenience samples. The benefits and impact of performing radiographs on diagnosis and treatment decision of caries lesions in primary teeth, mainly considering relevant outcomes for patients, have not been evaluated yet. Thus, the aim of this randomized clinical trial will be to evaluate the impact of performing radiographic examination adjunct to the visual inspection for detecting and making treatment decision regarding caries lesions in primary teeth compared with visual inspection performed alone. We will consider different outcomes related to children's health and welfare.Methods/DesignTo reach this objective, 250 children ages 3 to 6 years who sought dental treatment in our dental school will be randomly allocated in two groups according to the diagnostic strategy used for caries detection: visual inspection performed alone or visual inspection associated to radiographic examination. Two trained and calibrated examiners will carry out the examinations and elaborate the treatment decision plan. Then, children will be treated and followed up for 2 years, with evaluations after 12 and 24 months after the inclusion of children in the study. Children will also return after 6 and 18 months to reinforce the preventive orientations. Primary outcome will be the number of dental surfaces in need of dental treatment at the follow-up. Secondary outcomes will be the components of the primary outcome separately, as well as, proportion of false-positive results, the oral health-related quality of life, cost-efficacy, cost-adjusted life years, and number of new lesions in the first permanent molars.DiscussionOur working hypothesis is that radiographic examination would actually exert little influence on patient-centered outcomes, and visual inspection would be enough as diagnostic strategy for caries detection in primary teeth.Trial registrationNCT02078453. Registered 4 March 2015.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1196-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the radiographic examination on diagnosis and treatment decision of caries lesions in primary teeth – the Caries Detection in Children (CARDEC-01) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Mendes

Pontes

Gimenez

et al. 2016

Trials

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“…14 For breast cancer, the benefits of mammography screening are being debated. 15,16 For prostate cancer, the benefits of screening are not clear and there are concerns about the harms of the treatments resulting from early detection. 17 …”

Section: Current Paradigm Of Cancer Screening Prevention and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing the Paradigm of Cancer Screening, Prevention, and Treatment

Doss

2016

Dose-Response

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The war on cancer has been fought during the past several decades primarily based on the somatic mutation model of cancer. This has resulted in the emphasis on cancer screening and elimination of any detected cancerous/precancerous cells as the primary method of cancer prevention. This approach has reduced mortality from some cancers, but age-adjusted cancer mortality rates continue to be high. The lack of significant progress in reducing cancer mortality rates may be indicative of a fundamental flaw in the cancer model used. An alternative model of cancer is the immune suppression model of cancer based on the tremendous increase in cancers when the immune system is suppressed. According to this model, the key carcinogenic event is the suppression of the immune system which enables the already existing covert cancers to grow uncontrollably, causing cancer. Hence, cancer screening would consist of identifying those with weak immune system response. The primary mode of cancer prevention and treatment would be boosting of the immune system, for example, through exercise, infection, and low-dose radiation, as they are all known to enhance immune system response and reduce cancers. There is sufficient evidence to justify clinical trials of this approach for cancer screening, prevention, and treatment.

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“…In 28 countries of the European Union (EU), a total of 404,920 new BC cases were estimated in 2018, which represents 29.2% of all cancers in women in the EU. A higher incidence of BC is seen in developed countries [ 2 ], which according to one theory, could be associated with higher socioeconomic status and better availability and accuracy of screening examinations (mammography, ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging) and life expectancy, as the risk for BC increases after 50 years of life [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway Analysis of Selected Circulating miRNAs in Plasma of Breast Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Study

Holubeková

Kolková

Grendár

et al. 2020

IJMS

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MicroRNAs in the circulation of breast cancer (BC) patients have great potential for the early diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of breast cancer. The aim of this preliminary study was to obtain the expression profile of selected miRNAs in the plasma of BC patients that could discriminate BC patients from healthy volunteers and may be useful in early detection of BC. Significantly deregulated miRNAs were evaluated by pathway analysis with the prediction of potential miRNA targets. The study enrolled plasma samples from 65 BC patients and 34 healthy volunteers. Selected miRNAs were screened in pilot testing by the real-time PCR (qPCR) method, and the most appropriate reference genes were selected for normalisation by the geNorm algorithm. In the final testing, we detected miR-99a, miR-130a, miR-484 and miR-1260a (p < 0.05) as significantly up-regulated in the plasma of BC patients. Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that all significantly deregulated miRNAs are involved in the Hippo and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-beta) signalling pathways. Our study confirmed a different profile of selected circulating miRNAs in the plasma of BC patients with an emphasis on some critical points in the analysis process.

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Breast Cancer Screening

Cited by 63 publications

References 98 publications

Impact of the radiographic examination on diagnosis and treatment decision of caries lesions in primary teeth – the Caries Detection in Children (CARDEC-01) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Impact of the radiographic examination on diagnosis and treatment decision of caries lesions in primary teeth – the Caries Detection in Children (CARDEC-01) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Changing the Paradigm of Cancer Screening, Prevention, and Treatment

Pathway Analysis of Selected Circulating miRNAs in Plasma of Breast Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Study

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