Breast-cancer incidence and mortality rates in different countries in relation to known risk factors and dietary practices

Ge, Gray; Mc, Pike; Be, Henderson

doi:10.1038/bjc.1979.1

Cited by 175 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the Western world and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women (2,3). Several cancers, including breast cancer, have a lower incidence in Asia than in Western countries (77). This may be attributed to the typical Asian dietary regimens which are rich in flavonoid-containing plants, and which are thought to be anti-tumorigenic.…”

Section: Apigenin and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: Progress, potential and promise (Review)

Patel

Shukla²,

Gupta³

2007

Int J Oncol

311

362

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Abstract. Cancer is one of the major public health burdens in the United States and in other developed countries, causing approximately 7 million deaths every year worldwide. Cancer rates vary dramatically in different regions and populations around the globe, especially between developing and developed nations. Changes in cancer prevalence patterns occur within regions as their populations age or become progressively urbanized. Migration has also contributed to such variations as changes in dietary habits influence cancer rates. These epidemiologic findings strongly suggest that cancer rates are influenced by environmental factors including diet, which is largely preventable. Approaches to prevent cancer include overlapping strategies viz. chemoprevention or dietary cancer prevention. Chemoprevention aims at prevention or reversal of the initiation phase of carcinogenesis or arrest at progression of carcinogenesis through the administration of naturally occurring constituents or pharmacological agents. Cancer prevention through diet may be largely achievable by increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. Considerable attention has been devoted to identifying plant-derived dietary agents which could be developed as promising chemopreventives. One such agent is apigenin. A naturally occurring plant flavone (4', 5, 7,-trihydroxyflavone) abundantly present in common fruits and vegetables including parsley, onions, oranges, tea, chamomile, wheat sprouts and some seasonings. Apigenin has been shown to possess remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties. In the last few years, significant progress has been made in studying the biological effects of apigenin at cellular and molecular levels. This review examines the cancer chemopreventive effects of apigenin in an organ-specificity format, evaluating its limitations and its considerable potential for development as a cancer chemopreventive agent.

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Section: Apigenin and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: Progress, potential and promise (Review)

Patel

Shukla²,

Gupta³

2007

Int J Oncol

311

362

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Epidemiologic studies suggest that the increased consumption of soy products by Asian women contributes to lower breast cancer incidence and mortality rates compared with women from industrialized Western nations (17)(18)(19). The protective effects of soy-based diets may be related to the high levels of naturally occurring hormone-like isoflavones found in soybeans (20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Genistein Reduces Metastasis in a Postsurgical Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model

Vantyghem¹,

Wilson²,

Postenka³

et al. 2005

Cancer Research

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Metastatic spread, not primary tumor burden, is the leading cause of breast cancer deaths. For patient prognosis to improve, new systemic adjuvant therapies that are capable of effectively inhibiting the outgrowth of seeded tumor cells after surgical treatment of the primary breast tumor are needed. To facilitate the preclinical development of such therapies, relevant animal models of breast cancer metastasis that can mimic the postsurgical adjuvant setting are required. Here we developed a preclinical xenograft model of breast cancer metastasis where the primary tumor was removed by surgical resection before systemic adjuvant treatment. We used this model to assess the antimetastatic effect of postsurgical dietary intervention with the soy isoflavone genistein. The anticancer activity of genistein has been established in vitro and in vivo, however, few studies have tested the potential of genistein as an antimetastatic therapy. Using our model, we tested the efficacy of adjuvant treatment with genistein to inhibit the outgrowth of metastases postsurgery. To establish primary tumors, human breast carcinoma cells, MDA-MB-435/HAL, were implanted into the mammary fat pad of female nude mice. Primary tumors were left to grow for 5 weeks before being surgically removed. Mice were then randomized into two diet groups: control soy-free diet versus genisteinsupplemented diet. Five weeks later, metastatic burden was assessed. Genistein reduced the percent metastatic burden in the lungs by 10-fold. These results indicate that dietary intervention following cancer surgery can affect the outgrowth of seeded tumor cells. The availability of wellcharacterized, clinically relevant animal models for studying factors that regulate metastatic outgrowth postsurgery will provide an important tool for developing new systemic adjuvant therapies. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(8): 3396-403)

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“…Epidemiological studies have shown wide geographical variations in the occurrence of breast cancer in women (Miller, 1977;Gray et al, 1979). Asian women who consume traditional soy products have much lower incidence and mortality of breast cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of NF-κB by genistein is mediated via Akt signaling pathway in breast cancer cells

et al. 2003

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Genistein, a natural isoflavonoid found in soybean products, has been proposed to be associated with a lower rate of breast cancer in Asian women. Studies from our laboratory and others have shown that genistein can induce apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes in breast cancer cells. However, the precise molecular mechanism(s) by which genistein induces apoptotic cell death is not clear. In order to investigate such mechanism, we tested the role of Akt and NF-jB in genistein-treated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We found that inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis by genistein are partly mediated through the downregulation of Akt and NF-jB pathways. Gel shift assay showed that NF-jB DNA-binding activity in MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with Akt cDNA was induced, suggesting that there is a cross-talk between NFjB and Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, we found that genistein could abrogate EGF and Akt induced NF-jB activation. From these results, we conclude that the inactivation of NF-jB by genistein in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells is partly mediated via Akt pathway, which could be useful for rational design of strategies for the prevention and/or treatment of breast cancer.

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Breast-cancer incidence and mortality rates in different countries in relation to known risk factors and dietary practices

Cited by 175 publications

References 19 publications

Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: Progress, potential and promise (Review)

Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: Progress, potential and promise (Review)

Dietary Genistein Reduces Metastasis in a Postsurgical Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model

Inactivation of NF-κB by genistein is mediated via Akt signaling pathway in breast cancer cells

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