Breast Cancer in African-American Women: Differences in Tumor Biology from European-American Women

Amend, Kandace L.; Hicks, David G.; Ambrosone, Christine B.

doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-1927

Cited by 162 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Racial differences remain after adjustment for sociodemographic and pathologic variables, which points to differences in the nature of the disease itself. This supposition is further supported by the greater prevalence of high-grade, ER-negative tumors in African-American women (12)(13)(14)(15). TNBC account for 40% of breast cancer cases in African-American women compared with 15% to 20% in European-American women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Does Microenvironment Contribute to the Etiology of Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer?

Barcellos‐Hoff

2013

Clinical Cancer Research

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What dictates the prevalence of certain types of breast cancer, which are classified by markers, particularly estrogen receptor (ER), expression profiles such as basal or luminal, and genetic alterations such as HER2 amplification, in particular populations is not well understood. It is increasingly evident that microenvironment disruption is highly intertwined with cancer progression. Here, the idea that microenvironment shapes the course of carcinogenesis, and hence breast cancer subtype, is discussed. Aggressive, basal-like, ER-negative breast tumors occur in younger women, African-American women, women who carry BRCA1 mutation, and women exposed to ionizing radiation. Recent experimental studies using ionizing radiation, a well-documented environmental exposure, suggest that certain processes in the microenvironment strongly favor the development of ER-negative tumors. Understanding the contribution of tissue microenvironment during carcinogenesis could lead to prevention strategies that are personalized to age, agent, and exposure to reduce the risk of aggressive breast cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Does Microenvironment Contribute to the Etiology of Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer?

Barcellos‐Hoff

2013

Clinical Cancer Research

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“…The choice of a lower age to begin screening is based on the earlier age of presentation that is typical in this region, similar to what has been reported in African-Americans. 11 Mammography is not widely available, but this could be provided more readily using mobile units for all women over thirty-five years. If there is the political will to do so, resources are available from state governments to provide this service.…”

Section: Prevention Early Detection and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Cancer Control in South-Eastern Nigeria: A Proposal Emanating from a UICC-sponsored Workshop

Nwogu¹,

Ezeome²,

Mahoney³

et al. 2011

West African Journal of Medicine

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“…Therefore, the higher proportion of early-onset breast cancer may be owing to either genetic or non-genetic factors aside from reproductive factors. That genetic factors play an important role is suggested by studies, which show that early-onset breast cancer is more common in African-American women than in white women in the US (Amend et al, 2006;Ries et al, 2006) and that multiparity is associated with an increased breast cancer risk before age 45 years in young African-American women (Palmer et al, 2003), but not in young white women (Hall et al, 2005).Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels are higher in young black woman than in young white women (Jernström et al, 2001a) and a higher level of circulating IGF-1 is a known risk factor for …”

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confidence: 99%

Absence of the common Insulin-like growth factor-1 19-repeat allele is associated with early age at breast cancer diagnosis in multiparous women

et al. 2007

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Multiparity decreases the risk of breast cancer in white women, whereas it is a risk factor in black women o50 years. Early-onset breast cancer (o50 years) has been associated with high insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels. Absence of the common IGF1 19 cytosine-adenine (CA)-repeat allele (IGF1-19/-19) inverts the effect of several non-genetic factors on breast cancer risk but the interaction between IGF1-19/-19 and multiparity on breast cancer risk is unknown. As IGF1-19/-19, multiparity and early-onset breast cancer are more common in black than in white women, we aimed to study whether multiparity combined with IGF1-19/-19 increases the risk of early-onset breast cancer. Four hundred and three breast cancer patients diagnosed in Lund, Sweden, at age 25 -99 years were genotyped for the IGF1 CA-repeat length using fragment analysis. Overall, 12.9% carried the IGF1-19/-19 genotype. There was a highly significant interaction between multiparity and IGF1-19/-19 on age at breast cancer diagnosis (P ¼ 0.007). Among IGF1-19/-19 patients, multiparity was associated with a 9.2 year earlier age at diagnosis compared with uniparity or nulliparity (P ¼ 0. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide (Parkin et al, 2001(Parkin et al, , 2002. Approximately 10% of women living in Sweden will develop the disease during their lifetime. The median age at breast cancer diagnosis in women in Sweden is 60 years; approximately 4% of women are 40 years or younger at diagnosis (data from the Swedish Cancer Registry). The prognosis is often poorer in younger than in older women (Sidoni et al, 2003) in terms of overall survival and relapse (Han et al, 2004), partly because young women do not benefit from breast cancer screening and early-onset breast cancers are usually detected clinically at a more advanced stage. In Lund, Sweden, mammography screening is initiated at age 45 years and is performed every 18 months until the age of 74 years. As of today, no tests are routinely performed to identify the subgroup of women who do not belong to high-risk breast cancer families (eg BRCA1 families) but who would nevertheless benefit from breast cancer screening at an earlier age owing to an increased risk for early-onset breast cancer.Breast cancer risk is determined by genetic factors and nongenetic factors, for example, reproductive factors (Beral and Reeves, 1993;Kelsey et al, 1993). An increased age at first full-term pregnancy and low parity have been associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer in the developed world (Kelsey et al, 1993). In the short term, a first full-term pregnancy increases the risk of breast cancer (Beral and Reeves, 1993). Each subsequent live-birth reportedly decreases the risk of breast cancer by 30% and after three full-term pregnancies, the short-term risk of developing breast cancer is similar to the risk of nulliparous women (McCredie et al, 1998). In the long-term, a full-term pregnancy confers a decreased risk of developing breast cancer (McCredie et al, 1998) and ...

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Breast Cancer in African-American Women: Differences in Tumor Biology from European-American Women

Cited by 162 publications

References 30 publications

Does Microenvironment Contribute to the Etiology of Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer?

Does Microenvironment Contribute to the Etiology of Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer?

Regional Cancer Control in South-Eastern Nigeria: A Proposal Emanating from a UICC-sponsored Workshop

Absence of the common Insulin-like growth factor-1 19-repeat allele is associated with early age at breast cancer diagnosis in multiparous women

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