Breast Cancer among Immigrants: A Systematic Review and New Research Directions

Andreeva, Valentina A.; Unger, Jennifer B.; Pentz, Mary Ann

doi:10.1007/s10903-007-9037-y

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In spite of the rather similar number of cases, immigrants who migrated at younger age did not present a change in the risk trend, which may point out a higher role of biological factors on breast cancer risk. 30 Furthermore, our findings, in line with a systematic review, 4 showed that changes in breast cancer incidence are dependent on age at immigration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…3 There is similar evidence that immigrants undergo changes in breast cancer' risk after relocation. 4 For example, a shift of immigrant's risk for breast cancer death from the country of origin toward the adopted country has been reported among immigrants in Australia and Canada. 5 Some controversial changes in lung cancer risk have been reported after immigration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age‐ and time‐dependent changes in cancer incidence among immigrants to Sweden: colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancers

Mousavi

Fallah

Sundquist

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Cancer

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To examine the role of gender, age at immigration and length of stay on incidence trends of common cancers, we studied risk of colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancers in immigrants to Sweden from 1958 to 2008. The nationwide Swedish Family‐Cancer Database was used to calculate standardized incidence ratios for common cancers among immigrants compared to Swedes. Immigrants were classified into “high‐risk” countries when their risk was increased, into “low‐risk” when their risk was decreased and into “other” when their risk was nonsignificant. Among those who immigrated at younger age (<30 years), we found an increasing trend for colorectal cancer risk in low‐risk men and high‐risk women. Among those who immigrated at older age (≥30 years), a decreasing lung cancer risk in high‐risk men and an increasing breast cancer risk in low‐risk women were observed. The increasing trend of prostate cancer risk was independent of age at immigration. The risk trends for “other” immigrants were between the risks of low‐ and high‐risk countries. The gender‐specific shifts in cancer risks in immigrants toward the risk in natives indicate a major role of sex, age at immigration and environmental exposures in colorectal and lung cancers risks. In contrast, the unchanged trend of breast cancer among those who immigrated at younger ages and an increasing trend for those who migrated at older ages may suggest a limited effect for environmental exposures, especially at younger age. Our study points out a role of age at immigration on the risk trend of cancer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐ and time‐dependent changes in cancer incidence among immigrants to Sweden: colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancers

Mousavi

Fallah

Sundquist

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Age of migration has been widely taken into account in research on cancer epidemiology, in order to disentangle exposure in early life from the influence of the new environment (13,28) . This variable has also been used in studies relating to other diseases (29) or lifestyles (30)(31)(32)(33) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of acculturation among Tunisian migrants in France and their past/present exposure to the home country on diet and physical activity

Méjean

Traissac²,

Eymard-Duvernay³

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To study how dietary patterns and physical activity vary with acculturation and with past and current exposure to socio-cultural norms of the home country among Tunisian migrants. Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using quota sampling (n 150) based on age and residence. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Physical activity level and dietary aspects were compared according to length of residence (acculturation), age at migration (past exposure) and social ties with the home country (current exposure). Subjects and setting: Tunisian migrant men residing in the South of France. Results: Migrants who had lived in France for more than 9 years had a higher percentage contribution of meat to energy intake (P 5 0?04), a higher Na intake (P 5 0?04), a lower percentage contribution of sugar and sweets (P 5 0?04) and a lower percentage of carbohydrates (P 5 0?03) than short-term migrants. Men who migrated before 21 years of age had a higher Na intake than 'late' migrants (P 5 0?02). Men who had distant social ties with Tunisia had a lower physical activity level (P 5 0?01) whereas men who had close ties had a higher percentage of fat (P 5 0?01) and a higher ratio of MUFA to SFA (P 5 0?02). Conclusions: Acculturation led to a convergence of some characteristics to those of the host population, while some results (meat and salt consumption) were at variance with other acculturation studies. Past and current exposure to the home country helped maintain some positive aspects of the diet. Nevertheless, present dietary changes in Tunisia could soon lessen these features.

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“…Strong scientific support has been accumulating for the fact that immigrants undergo changes in breast cancer risk after their relocation (18)(19)(20). Female Asian immigrants in the US express similar incidence of breast cancer as American women after 1 to 2 generations (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro transformation of MCF-10A cells by sera harvested from heifers two months post-Zeranol implantation

Xu²,

Zhong³

et al. 2011

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. Among many risk factors of breast cancer, estrogens and non-estrogenic endocrine disruptors are considered to play critical roles in human breast carcinogenesis. Zeranol (Z) is a non-steroidal agent with potent estrogenic activity and has been widely used as an FDA approved beef growth promoter in the US. Recently, concerns have been raised about the potential adverse health risk by consumption of products containing biologically active Z and its metabolites. By utilizing cell proliferation assay, soft agar assay, quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis, we examined the potentially tumorigenic activity of bio-active Z containing sera harvested from heifers two months post Z-implantation and the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that the growth of MCF-10A exposed to 0.2, 1 and 5% Z-containing serum (ZS) treatment for 3 weeks was 1.3, 1.75 and 1.8-fold faster compared to that of the control sera. After further investigation, we found that ZS increased cyclin D1 and decreased p53 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in MCF-10A compared to the controls. More importantly, treatment of 1% Z-containing sera for 21 days stimulated MCF-10A cells anchorage-independent colony formation in soft agar which illustrates its capability of inducing human normal breast epithelial cell neoplastic transformation. Our experimental results suggest that longterm exposure of low levels of Z and its metabolites contained in beef products might be a potential risk factor in human breast cancer initiation and development.

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Breast Cancer among Immigrants: A Systematic Review and New Research Directions

Cited by 44 publications

References 85 publications

Age‐ and time‐dependent changes in cancer incidence among immigrants to Sweden: colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancers

Age‐ and time‐dependent changes in cancer incidence among immigrants to Sweden: colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancers

Influence of acculturation among Tunisian migrants in France and their past/present exposure to the home country on diet and physical activity

In vitro transformation of MCF-10A cells by sera harvested from heifers two months post-Zeranol implantation

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