Breakthrough infections, hospital admissions, and mortality after major COVID-19 vaccination profiles: a prospective cohort study

Wichaidit, Mingkwan; Nopsopon, Tanawin; Sunan, Krittiyaporn; Phutrakool, Phanupong; Ruchikachorn, Puripant; Wanvarie, Dittaya; Pratanwanich, Ploy Naruemon; Cheewaruangroj, Nontawit; Punyabukkana, Proadpran; Pongpirul, Krit

doi:10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100106

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Several studies have found that after the completion of the whole course of vaccination, its effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 infection gradually decreases with time; however, its effectiveness in preventing severe illness and hospitalization remains high (90%) ( 18 ). Studies have shown that each additional dose of the COVID-19 vaccine reduces the risk of breakthrough infection by 18% and the risk of hospitalization by 25% ( 19 ). Moreover, vaccination can also effectively reduce disease severity in those who have been re-infected by COVID-19 ( 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the second pandemic of COVID-19 in Chengdu, China

Li,

Zhou,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveThis study investigated the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients during the second pandemic of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) in Chengdu, China. Furthermore, the differences between first infection and re-infection cases were also compared and analyzed to provide evidence for better prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 re-infection.MethodsAn anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted using an online platform (wjx.cn) between May 20, 2023 to September 12, 2023.ResultsThis investigation included 62.94% females and 32.97% of them were 18–30 years old. Furthermore, 7.19–17.18% of the participants either did not receive vaccination at all or only received full vaccination, respectively. Moreover, 577 (57.64%) participants were exposed to cluster infection. The clinical manifestations of these patients were mainly mild to moderate; 78.18% of participants had a fever for 1–3 days, while 37.84% indicated a full course of disease for 4–6 days. In addition, 40.66% of the participants had re-infection and 72.97% indicated their first infection approximately five months before. The clinical symptoms of the first SARS-CoV-2 infection were moderate to severe, while re-infection indicated mild to moderate symptoms (the severity of symptoms other than diarrhea and conjunctival congestion had statistically significant differences) (p < 0.05). Moreover, 70.53 and 59.21% of first and re-infection cases had fever durations of 3–5 and 0–2 days, respectively. Whereas 47.91 and 46.40% of first and re-infection cases had a disease course of 7–9 and 4–6 days.ConclusionThe SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals in Chengdu, China, during the second pandemic of COVID-19 had mild clinical symptoms and a short course of disease. Furthermore, compared with the first infection, re-infection cases had mild symptoms, low incidences of complications, short fever duration, and course of disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the second pandemic of COVID-19 in Chengdu, China

Li,

Zhou,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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“…Additionally, the implementation of home-based recovery programs in some regions may have underestimated the actual number of infections and hospital admissions ( 100 ). Nevertheless, predictions of vaccination outcomes from Asian models have been widely confirmed by lower rates of infection and hospitalization among vaccinated individuals and higher excess mortality among unvaccinated adults across these regions ( 101 , 102 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions on COVID-19: a review of simulation modeling studies in Asia

Thakkar,

Spinardi,

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionEpidemiological modeling is widely used to offer insights into the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Asia. We reviewed published computational (mathematical/simulation) models conducted in Asia that assessed impacts of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions against COVID-19 and their implications for vaccination strategy.MethodsA search of the PubMed database for peer-reviewed, published, and accessible articles in English was performed up to November 2022 to capture studies in Asian populations based on computational modeling of outcomes in the COVID-19 pandemic. Extracted data included model type (mechanistic compartmental/agent-based, statistical, both), intervention type (pharmacological, non-pharmacological), and procedures for parameterizing age. Findings are summarized with descriptive statistics and discussed in terms of the evolving COVID-19 situation.ResultsThe literature search identified 378 results, of which 59 met criteria for data extraction. China, Japan, and South Korea accounted for approximately half of studies, with fewer from South and South-East Asia. Mechanistic models were most common, either compartmental (61.0%), agent-based (1.7%), or combination (18.6%) models. Statistical modeling was applied less frequently (11.9%). Pharmacological interventions were examined in 59.3% of studies, and most considered vaccination, except one study of an antiviral treatment. Non-pharmacological interventions were also considered in 84.7% of studies. Infection, hospitalization, and mortality were outcomes in 91.5%, 30.5%, and 30.5% of studies, respectively. Approximately a third of studies accounted for age, including 10 that also examined mortality. Four of these studies emphasized benefits in terms of mortality from prioritizing older adults for vaccination under conditions of a limited supply; however, one study noted potential benefits to infection rates from early vaccination of younger adults. Few studies (5.1%) considered the impact of vaccination among children.ConclusionEarly in the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmacological interventions helped to mitigate the health burden of COVID-19; however, modeling indicates that high population coverage of effective vaccines will complement and reduce reliance on such interventions. Thus, increasing and maintaining immunity levels in populations through regular booster shots, particularly among at-risk and vulnerable groups, including older adults, might help to protect public health. Future modeling efforts should consider new vaccines and alternative therapies alongside an evolving virus in populations with varied vaccination histories.

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“…Second, the variation of completed vaccination (at least 2 dosages) course as well as the boosting dosage(s) among the patients receiving vaccines against COVID-19 might affect the effectiveness of each vaccination [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Third, in Thailand, there were several heterogeneous regimens for COVID-19 vaccination, which should be considered when analyzing the varying outcomes [ 62 , 63 ]. Finally, each variant of SARS-CoV-2 emerged in different periods with a wide range of rates of completed vaccination and boosting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics, Outcomes, and Factors Affecting Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with CAP Due to Different Variants of SARS-CoV-2 and Non-COVID-19 CAP

Tongsengkee

Surasombatpattana

Tanomkiat

et al. 2023

JCM

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The study was conducted from October 2020 to March 2022 in a province in southern Thailand. The inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and more than 18 years old were enrolled. Of the 1511 inpatients with CAP, COVID-19 was the leading cause, accounting for 27%. Among the patients with COVID-19 CAP, mortalities, mechanical ventilators, ICU admissions, ICU stay, and hospital costs were significantly higher than of those with non-COVID-19 CAP. Household and workplace contact with COVID-19, co-morbidities, lymphocytopenia and peripheral infiltration in chest imaging were associated with CAP due to COVID-19. The delta variant yielded the most unfavorable clinical and non-clinical outcomes. While COVID-19 CAP due to B.1.113, Alpha and Omicron variants had relatively similar outcomes. Among those with CAP, COVID-19 infection as well as obesity, a higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and APACHE II score were associated with in-hospital mortality. Among those with COVID-19 CAP, obesity, infection due to the Delta variant, a higher CCI and higher APACHE II score were associated with in-hospital mortality. COVID-19 had a great impact on the epidemiology and outcomes of CAP.

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Breakthrough infections, hospital admissions, and mortality after major COVID-19 vaccination profiles: a prospective cohort study

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Investigation of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the second pandemic of COVID-19 in Chengdu, China

Investigation of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the second pandemic of COVID-19 in Chengdu, China

Impact of vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions on COVID-19: a review of simulation modeling studies in Asia

Characteristics, Outcomes, and Factors Affecting Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with CAP Due to Different Variants of SARS-CoV-2 and Non-COVID-19 CAP

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