Breakthrough COVID-19 in people with multiple sclerosis on disease modifying treatments: Is it still a severe disease?

Immovilli, Paolo; Schiavetti, Irene; Franceschini, Alessandro; De Mitri, Paola; Gelati, Lorenza; Rota, Eugenia; Guidetti, Donata

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105547

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Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105547

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Breakthrough COVID-19 in people with multiple sclerosis on disease modifying treatments: Is it still a severe disease?

Paolo Immovilli,

Irene Schiavetti,

Alessandro Franceschini

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 1 publication

References 25 publications

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Anti-RBD Antibody Levels and IFN-γ-Specific T Cell Response Are Associated with a More Rapid Swab Reversion in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination

Aiello,

Ruggieri,

Navarra

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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This study investigated the incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BIs) and the time to swab reversion in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) after the booster dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. We enrolled 64 PwMS who had completed the three-dose mRNA vaccine schedule and had never experienced COVID-19 before. Among the 64 PwMS, 43.8% had BIs with a median time since the third vaccine dose of 155 days. BIs occurred more frequently in ocrelizumab-treated patients (64.7%). Patients with a relapsing-remitting MS course showed a reduced incidence of BIs compared with those with a primary-progressive disease (p = 0.002). Having anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies represented a protective factor reducing the incidence of BIs by 60% (p = 0.042). The majority of BIs were mild, and the only severe COVID-19 cases were reported in patients with a high Expanded Disability Status Scale score (EDSS > 6). The median time for a negative swab was 11 days. Notably, fingolimod-treated patients take longer for a swab-negativization (p = 0.002). Conversely, having anti-RBD antibodies ≥ 809 BAU/mL and an IFN-γ-specific T cell response ≥ 16 pg/mL were associated with a shorter time to swab-negativization (p = 0.051 and p = 0.018, respectively). In conclusion, the immunological protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection may differ among PwMS according to DMTs.

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Anti-RBD Antibody Levels and IFN-γ-Specific T Cell Response Are Associated with a More Rapid Swab Reversion in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination

Aiello,

Ruggieri,

Navarra

et al. 2024

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Breakthrough COVID-19 in people with multiple sclerosis on disease modifying treatments: Is it still a severe disease?

Cited by 1 publication

References 25 publications

Anti-RBD Antibody Levels and IFN-γ-Specific T Cell Response Are Associated with a More Rapid Swab Reversion in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination

Anti-RBD Antibody Levels and IFN-γ-Specific T Cell Response Are Associated with a More Rapid Swab Reversion in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis after the Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccination

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