Breakthrough Analysis of Empty Fruit Bunch-Based Hydrogel Biochar Composite (EFB-HBC) for Hydrogen Sulphide (H<sub>2</sub>S) Adsorption Study Removal

Yasin, Nik Muhammad Faisal Mat; Meri, N. H.; Talib, Norhayati; Ghani, Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim; Rashid, Zulkifli Abdul; Alias, Azil Bahari

doi:10.2991/aer.k.201229.030

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…AC has a higher surface area 868 m 2 /g, pore size 1.7532 nm, and pore volume 0.3805 m 3 /g compared to PKSB 355.7066 m 2 /g, pore size 2.0376 nm, pore volume 0.1820 cm 3 /g and PKSBX 29.4535 m 2 surface area, pore size 4.6203 nm, and pore volume 0.0295 m 3 /g. The xerogel properties decreased (Yasin et al, 2021). The results indicated that the xerogel surface area, pore size, and pore volume decreased after the gelation process as shown in Table 4.…”

Section: Brunauer-emmett-tellermentioning

confidence: 83%

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar and Comparison with Commercial Activated Carbon

Mahdi,

Saleh,

Alias

et al. 2024

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Biomass is an inexpensive adsorbent that has attracted considerable interest. The sol-gel process produced xerogel from palm kernel shell biochar (PKSB). This study aimed to synthesize and characterize palm kernel shell biochar xerogel (PKSBX) and compare it with commercial (AC). The synthesized xerogel, raw material, and AC were characterized using different characterization, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The FTIR spectrum analysis showed a wide range of bonds and confirmed the presence of C = C alkenes, amines N-H, and aromatic C-H functional groups. TGA analysis of samples was conducted at 10 ℃/min. The thermal degradation of the sample undergoes several setups of loss mass. The degrades occurred between 50200 ℃ first setups, second between 200-700 ℃, and third setups between 950-1000 ℃. The surface morphological structure of each sample has been defined and compared using SEM data, which is further confirmed by XRD data. On the basis of on the characterization findings, it can be determined that the xerogel obtained from the synthesis process using PKSB as the raw material exhibits favorable characteristics for its potential usage as an adsorbent.

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Section: Brunauer-emmett-tellermentioning

confidence: 83%

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar and Comparison with Commercial Activated Carbon

Mahdi,

Saleh,

Alias

et al. 2024

J. Ecol. Eng.

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“…Table 1 shows the drying method and properties of different classifications of gels. Based on Table 1, the drying methods for xerogel, cryogel and aerogel are subcritical drying, freeze-drying and supercritical drying conditions, respectively [6]. Conventional hydrogels are usually the precursor for the preparation of classified gels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar

Alias

2022

JMechE

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With an alarming amount of agricultural waste disposal rate, it emerges the search to utilize biomass and turn them into a beneficial product. Biochar is one the beneficial product that contains high carbonaceous material that is commonly utilized as an adsorbent. This research aims to characterize and produce xerogel from Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) biochar. The production of Biochar Xerogel was produced through the sol-gel method and further dried in an oven to produce xerogel. The synthesized xerogel was characterized using different characterization techniques which are Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett and Teller (BET), Scanned Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The FTIR spectrum analysis has shown the existence of various functional groups such as hydroxyl, aldehyde, alkane and aromatic groups. The TGA analysis reveals the maximum thermal of 1000 °C for xerogel and XRD patterns reveal the amorphous nature of the extracted xerogel biochar. The BET isotherm revealed xerogel as microporous material with a pore width of 1.5 nm. Meanwhile, the SEM image also shows that the xerogel has an apparent pore and the pore size is varied which can function as a good adsorbent.

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Comparison of hydrogel- and xerogel-based sorbent from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)

Alias

Qarizada

Malik

et al. 2022

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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This paper focuses on the synthesis and comparison of hydrogel- and xerogel-based sorbents from EFB.Hydrogels were synthesised by polymerisation of EFB biochar with acrylamide (AAm) as a monomer, N, N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as cross-linker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, as well as by internal gelation method of sodium alginate, empty fruit bunch (EFB), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and glucono delta-lactone (GDL). From the alginate hydrogels obtained, xerogels were synthesised via the oven-drying method. Then, EFB-based hydrogel and xerogel sorbents were analysed and compared based on characterisation analysis by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).The xerogel-based EFB is a better adsorbent than the hydrogel-based EFB because it has a larger pore volume (0.001449 cm3/g), larger pore size (63.7987 nm), higher moisture content (7.97%), lower ash content (12.55%), and is more thermally stable.The research is to compare two new adsorbents, namely Hydrogel and Xerogel, from EFB in terms of their characteristics.Both adsorbents show a highly toxic material uptake, especially EFB xerogel. This adsorbent is comparable with the other commercialised adsorbent. Thus, this product can be a highly potential adsorbent for gas and wastewater adsorption.The authenticity results of this article were found to be 15% similar. The novelty of this paper is to compare the two adsorbents, namely hydrogel and xerogel, that originated from EFB.

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Breakthrough Analysis of Empty Fruit Bunch-Based Hydrogel Biochar Composite (EFB-HBC) for Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S) Adsorption Study Removal

Cited by 4 publications

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Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar and Comparison with Commercial Activated Carbon

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar and Comparison with Commercial Activated Carbon

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar

Comparison of hydrogel- and xerogel-based sorbent from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)

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Breakthrough Analysis of Empty Fruit Bunch-Based Hydrogel Biochar Composite (EFB-HBC) for Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) Adsorption Study Removal

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar and Comparison with Commercial Activated Carbon

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel Derived from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar and Comparison with Commercial Activated Carbon

Synthesis and Characterization of Xerogel from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar

Comparison of hydrogel- and xerogel-based sorbent from Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB)

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Breakthrough Analysis of Empty Fruit Bunch-Based Hydrogel Biochar Composite (EFB-HBC) for Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S) Adsorption Study Removal