Breaking up sedentary time with seated upper body activity can regulate metabolic health in obese high‐risk adults: A randomized crossover trial

McCarthy, Matthew; Edwardson, Charlotte L.; Davies, Melanie J.; Henson, Joseph; Rowlands, Alex V.; King, James A.; Bodicoat, Danielle H.; Khunti, Kamlesh; Yates, Thomas

doi:10.1111/dom.13016

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…This type of PA regime may thus be more achievable for inactive and sedentary adults in addition to offering greater cardiometabolic benefits. Despite several reports of attenuated postprandial glucose concentrations in response to short, frequent moderate-intensity PA breaks in healthy adults [7,8,32], adults who are overweight/obese [10,33,34] and individuals with type 2 diabetes [35,36], postprandial glucose was unaffected by the PA breaks in the present study. The sample in the present study could be considered metabolically healthy due to their normal fasting glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effects of Frequency and Duration of Interrupting Sitting on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

et al. 2019

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Interrupting prolonged sitting with short multiple bouts of moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) can improve postprandial cardiometabolic risk markers. This study examined the effect of high and low frequency PA bouts (matched for total PA duration and energy expenditure) on postprandial cardiometabolic responses when compared with prolonged sitting. In this three-condition randomised crossover trial, 14 sedentary, inactive females (33.8±13.4 years, BMI 27.1±6.3 kg/m2) completed 3, 7.5 h conditions: 1) prolonged sitting (SIT), 2) high-frequency PA breaks (HIGH-FREQ) consisting of 15 ×2 min bouts of moderate-intensity treadmill PA every 30 min, and 3) low-frequency PA breaks (LOW-FREQ) consisting of 3 ×10 min bouts of moderate-intensity treadmill PA every 180 min. The PA bouts were performed at 65% of peak oxygen uptake. Net incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for each 7.5 h condition was calculated for glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations. Insulin iAUC was significantly (p<0.026) lower during HIGH-FREQ (mean [95%CI]; 82.86 [55.02, 110.70] µU/mL∙7.5 h) than LOW-FREQ (116.61 [88.50, 144.73] µU/mL∙7.5 h) and SIT (119.98 [92.42, 147.53] µU/mL∙7.5 h). Glucose and TAG iAUC did not differ between conditions. Engaging in higher-frequency PA breaks may be effective in attenuating postprandial insulin responses compared with lower-frequency PA breaks and prolonged sitting.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effects of Frequency and Duration of Interrupting Sitting on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

et al. 2019

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“…Most studies utilised 1 day designs, but some utilised multi-day designs [7-10, 17, 19, 45, 65]. Altenburg et al (80) was omitted from the metaanalysis, but included in the narrative summary (Table 1) as data were skewed, and might have violated the underlying assumptions of normality of data distribution [33,66] for the statistical models used in the meta-analyses. Forest plots for TAG outcomes are presented in Figs…”

Section: Pa Breaks Vs No-exercise Sittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Physical Activity Breaks on Blood Glucose, Insulin and Triacylglycerol Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background Physical activity (PA) breaks in sitting time might attenuate metabolic markers relevant to the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Objectives The primary aim of this paper was to systematically review and meta-analyse trials that compared the effects of breaking up prolonged sitting with bouts of PA throughout the day (INT) versus continuous sitting (SIT) on glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol (TAG) measures. A second aim was to compare the effects of INT versus continuous exercise (EX) on glucose, insulin and TAG measures. Methods The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Eligibility criteria consisted of trials comparing INT vs. SIT or INT vs. one bout of EX before or after sitting, in participants aged 18 or above, who were classified as either metabolically healthy or impaired, but not with other major health conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or peripheral arterial disease. Results A total of 42 studies were included in the overall review, whereas a total of 37 studies were included in the metaanalysis. There was a standardised mean difference (SMD) of − 0.54 (95% CI − 0.70, − 0.37, p = 0.00001) in favour of INT compared to SIT for glucose. With respect to insulin, there was an SMD of − 0.56 (95% CI − 0.74, − 0.38, p = 0.00001) in favour of INT. For TAG, there was an SMD of − 0.26 (95% CI − 0.44, − 0.09, p = 0.002) in favour of INT. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with glucose responses (β = − 0.05, 95% CI − 0.09, − 0.01, p = 0.01), and insulin (β = − 0.05, 95% CI − 0.10, − 0.006, p = 0.03), but not TAG (β = 0.02, 95% CI − 0.02, 0.06, p = 0.37). When energy expenditure was matched, there was an SMD of − 0.26 (95% CI − 0.50, − 0.02, p = 0.03) in favour of INT for glucose, but no statistically significant SMDs for insulin, i.e. 0.35 (95% CI − 0.37, 1.07, p = 0.35), or TAG i.e. 0.08 (95% CI − 0.22, 0.37, p = 0.62). It is worth noting that there was possible publication bias for TAG outcomes when PA breaks were compared with sitting. Conclusion The use of PA breaks during sitting moderately attenuated post-prandial glucose, insulin, and TAG, with greater glycaemic attenuation in people with higher BMI. There was a statistically significant small advantage for PA breaks over continuous exercise for attenuating glucose measures when exercise protocols were energy matched, but no statistically significant differences for insulin and TAG. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42017080982. PROSPERO Registration CRD42017080982. Key PointsBreaking up sitting with physical activity (PA) moderately attenuated post-prandial glucose and insulin, with a small effect size attenuation for TAG.There was greater glycaemic attenuation in people with higher body mass index (BMI).PA breaks were slightly more effective for glycaemic attenuation compared to one continuous bout of PA when experimental conditions were energy expenditure matched. Affiliations

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“…High levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with poor metabolic health (2) and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, some cancers and all-cause mortality, often independently of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (3)(4)(5). A higher number of interruptions to sedentary time is associated with favourable cardiometabolic risk marker levels in cross-sectional research (6) and in acute experimental trials in participants who are healthy, overweight and obese, dysglycaemic, or have type 2 diabetes (7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Workplace Sitting Time in Office Workers

Maylor

Edwardson

Zakrzewski-Fruer

et al. 2018

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

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Breaking up sedentary time with seated upper body activity can regulate metabolic health in obese high‐risk adults: A randomized crossover trial

Abstract: Performing short bouts of arm ergometry during prolonged sitting attenuated postprandial glycaemia despite maintaining a seated posture. This may have clinical significance for those with weight-bearing difficulty who may struggle with postural change.

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of Frequency and Duration of Interrupting Sitting on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Effects of Frequency and Duration of Interrupting Sitting on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Physical Activity Breaks on Blood Glucose, Insulin and Triacylglycerol Measures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Efficacy of a Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Workplace Sitting Time in Office Workers

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