Abstract:The modern French school system was established in the late nineteenth century upon an acculturating, assimilationist, and secular ideology of making “French people French” and emphasizing unity over cultural diversity. Thus, most scholarship on the French education system aptly highlights the system's French Republican “mold” characteristics—hyper-centralization, Franco-conformity, and “Republican sanctuary”—even if adherence to the mold is not always achieved. However, French hors contrat or independent scho… Show more
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