Breaking the boundaries in spectrometry. Molecular analysis with atomic spectrometric techniques

Abstract

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Laser Chemical Elemental Analysis: From Total to Images

“…The possibility of measuring the molecular emission in LIBS allows the determination of some non-metallic elements from emission bands of diatomic molecules, e.g. fluorine and chlorine have been detected by the emission of CaF, BaF, MgF, CaCl, SrCl, or MgCl [20,21]. Isotopic analysis based on the discrimination between emission bands of molecules formed by two different isotopes has been reported.…”

“…Isotopic analysis based on the discrimination between emission bands of molecules formed by two different isotopes has been reported. The different masses of the isotopes affect the vibrational and rotational energy levels results in molecular isotopic shifts which are exploited in the isotopic determinations [21].…”

Introducing multi-energy ratios as an alternative to multi-energy calibration for Br determination via high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry. A case study

“…This is not always the case. For other molecules monitored by HR CS MAS for the determination of non-metals (e.g., CS, widely proposed to determine S, 17,28,40 or PO, used to determine P 17,28,41 ) this behavior is not encountered, but instead many lines of similar sensitivity are measured. 42 Interestingly, this other type of profile can also be investigated measuring CaBr as well.…”

“…Generally, the vaporization process is often not as straightforward as a pure atomization process mostly based on temperature, and the presence of many other species may result in the formation of other compounds different from the targeted one. 27,28 Interestingly, while commercially available HR CS AAS instrumentation offers the potential to monitor only a narrow part of the spectrum simultaneously, which affects the multi-element possibilities of the technique, 29,30 when molecular species are measured different rotational or vibrational transitions superimposed to the electronic transitions are monitored, 31,32 and the resolution of the instrumentation is often sufficient to resolve such transitions. In other words, when HR CS MAS is used, often many lines can be fully simultaneously monitored, which can make MEC an ideal strategy to minimize matrix effects as well as to increase sample throughput.…”

High-Resolution Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Combined With Machine Learning Data Processing for Isotope Amount Ratio Analysis of Lithium

“…26 During the last decade, high-resolution optical spectrometry has been proposed for isotope analysis by either applying molecular emission spectrometry, laser ablation molecular isotopic spectrometry, 27 or high-resolution continuum source molecular absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-MAS), wherein the isotope shift is larger in diatomic molecules than it is in atoms. 28 By combination with the chemometric analysis of spectral data, these methods can potentially mature into fast, low-cost alternatives for isotopic research. By using HR-CS-MAS, molecular spectral analysis of diatomic molecules has also been applied to elemental trace analysis via isotope dilution molecular absorption spectrometry.…”