Breads formulated with avocado pulp powder as a fat substitute: Quality parameters and in vitro inhibition activities

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of increasing contents (5%–25%) of avocado pulp powder (APP) produced by foam‐mat drying (FMD) as a substitute for hydrogenated vegetable fat in bread on its nutritional composition, physical properties, α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, and lipase inhibition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, color, structure, and x‐ray diffraction patterns. The increase in the APP content decreased the values of lipids, carbohydrates, energy, firmness, and specific volume of breads. The inhibition of lipase activity showed a pronounced increase, while the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were significantly elevated. The color parameters a* and b* were higher in the breads with added APP. The crystalline structure transitioned from type A to type V with 15% APP incorporation. Taken together, these results suggest that APP has potential to act as a healthier substitute for saturated fats in breads, paving the way to develop creative and innovative solutions for the functionalization of bakery food products.