Breached Birth: Reflections on Race, Gender, and Reproductive Discourse in the 1980s

Surgical sterilization, regret, and race: Contemporary patterns

“…Reproductive politics has always been part and parcel of the process of racial formation in the U.S. (Collins 1990; Roberts 1997; Solinger 2005). Negative characterizations of sexuality and reproductive behavior of less privileged social groups of women continue to be used to justify both the meaning of racial categories and differential treatment of less privileged racial groups (Chavez 2004; Hartouni 1994; Roberts 1997; Solinger 2005; Szkupinski-Quiroga 2007). There are documented connections between sexuality, reproduction, and racial formation among Black Americans (Roberts 1997; Collins 2000).…”

Fetal Relationality in Feminist Philosophy: An Anthropological Critique

“…The focus must turn, then, to social practices and contexts. There is plenty to be concerned about at this level: teen pregnancies cause widespread consternation, while older white women's pregnancies often provide occasion to rejoice (Solinger 1992; Hartouni 1994); fetuses are revered and exalted while children suffer malnutrition and homelessness and abuse; fetuses can be seen and photographed and named while countless children suffer socially invisible poverty; Haitian women's babies drown at sea while Swedish women's pre‐term babies are rescued by expensive, high‐tech, neonatal intensive care (Hart 1994).…”

“…A more recently blazed trail acknowledges that fetuses attain social meaning through events not necessarily directly related to abortion. One fork of this trail winds through cultural studies, where authors analyze fetal texts and social scripts to show that, as metaphors, fetuses wield increasing social power (Berlant 1994; Duden 1993; Franklin 1992; Hartouni 1991, 1993, 1994). Another fork leads into sociological territory, where the identification, commodification, medicalization, and legalization of fetuses is documented and scrutinized (Boling 1995; Casper 1994; Daniels 1993; Franklin and Ragoné n.d.; Ginsburg and Rapp 1995; Morgan n.d.; Rapp 1987, 1988, 1990, 1993; Roth 1993; Rothman 1986; Taylor 1992).…”

Blood Is Thicker than Water: Policing Donor Insemination and the Reproduction of Whiteness

“…For an overview of feminist critiques of ARTs, see Donchin 1996; and Thompson 2002. Racial critiques include Nsiah‐Jefferson and Hall 1989; Hartouni 1994; Ragoné 1994; Roberts 1997; and Rapp 1999.…”

“…See, especially, Callahan 1995;and Murphy 1999. For an overview of feminist critiques of ARTS, see Donchin 1996;andThompson 2002. Racial critiques include Nsiah-Jefferson andHall 1989;Hartouni 1994;Ragone 1994;Roberts 1997;and Rapp 1999. 4. More flexible notions of kinship not linked to biology have been reported among African Americans (Stack 1974); Latinos (Kemper 1982); gays and lesbians (Weston 1991); and Asian Americans (Dill 1994).…”