Brazilian Spotted Fever: The Role of Capybaras

Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4000-0_23

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…After this period, the host develops an immune response that precludes new rickettsemia, even when infested again by R. rickettsii– infected ticks ( 7 – 9 ). Based on these premises, it has been proposed that each individual amplifying host will generate only 1 rickettsemia of 1–3 weeks in its lifespan; thereafter, the host becomes immune to R. rickettsii infection ( 3 , 8 , 11 ). …”

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confidence: 99%

Rickettsia rickettsiiCo-feeding Transmission amongAmblyomma aureolatumTicks

Moraes‐Filho¹,

Costa²,

Gerardi³

et al. 2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Amblyomma aureolatum ticks are vectors of Rickettsia rickettsii, the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Brazil. Maintenance of R. rickettsii in nature depends on horizontal transmission along tick generations. Although such transmission is known to occur when uninfected and infected ticks feed simultaneously on susceptible animals (co-feeding systemic transmission), we investigated co-feeding nonsystemic transmission, which was based on R. rickettsii–infected and –uninfected A. aureolatum ticks feeding simultaneously on guinea pigs immune to R. rickettsii. Our acquisition and transmission infestations demonstrated that horizontal transmission of R. rickettsii by co-feeding ticks on immune hosts with no systemic infection did not occur when uninfected larvae fed distantly from infected nymphs but did occur in a few cases when uninfected larvae fed side-by-side with infected nymphs, suggesting that they shared the same feeding site. The co-feeding nonsystemic transmission type might have no epidemiologic importance for Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

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confidence: 99%

Rickettsia rickettsiiCo-feeding Transmission amongAmblyomma aureolatumTicks

Moraes‐Filho¹,

Costa²,

Gerardi³

et al. 2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Over some regions, large populations of capybaras are linked to increased crop damage [14], increased vehicle collisions [15], and the spread of Brazilian spotted fever (BSF) - the most lethal spotted fever rickettsioses in the world [16]. Capybaras are responsible for maintaining and carrying large numbers of Amblyomma sculptum ticks, the natural reservoir and main vector of the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii , the etiological agent of BSF [16]. Capybaras can also act as amplifying hosts of R. rickettsii among A. sculptum populations [16, 17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capybaras are responsible for maintaining and carrying large numbers of Amblyomma sculptum ticks, the natural reservoir and main vector of the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii , the etiological agent of BSF [16]. Capybaras can also act as amplifying hosts of R. rickettsii among A. sculptum populations [16, 17]. Even though the role of capybaras in BSF epidemiology have been well-discussed [16, 17, 18, 19], little is known about the potential effects of human-driven variation in capybara habitat selection to BSF spread and transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-induced changes in habitat preference by capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and their potential effect on zoonotic disease transmission

Dias

Stabach

Huang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Human activities are changing landscape structure and function globally, affecting wildlife space use, and ultimately increasing human-wildlife conflicts and zoonotic disease spread. Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is a conflict species that has been implicated in the spread and amplification of the most lethal tick-borne disease in the world, the Brazilian spotted fever (BSF). Even though essential to understand the link between capybaras, ticks and the BSF, many knowledge gaps still exist regarding the effects of human disturbance in capybara space use. Here, we analyzed diurnal and nocturnal habitat selection strategies of capybaras across natural and human-modified landscapes using resource selection functions (RSF). Selection for forested habitats was high across human- modified landscapes, mainly during day- periods. Across natural landscapes, capybaras avoided forests during both day- and night periods. Water was consistently selected across both landscapes, during day- and nighttime. This variable was also the most important in predicting capybara habitat selection across natural landscapes. Capybaras showed slightly higher preferences for areas near grasses/shrubs across natural landscapes, and this variable was the most important in predicting capybara habitat selection across human-modified landscapes. Our results demonstrate human-driven variation in habitat selection strategies by capybaras. This behavioral adjustment across human-modified landscapes may be related to BSF epidemiology.

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“…Within this cave, the hematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus was observed to be a host of C. fonsecai under natural conditions 4 . The tick colony in question has been maintained in the laboratory.…”

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“…In Brazil, certain argasid ticks (Carios spp.) that are associated with bats have been reported to infest humans, primarily under indoor conditions, as these ticks are maintained by bats that live in the roofs of human dwellings 3,4 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental infection of the bat tick Carios fonsecai (Acari: Ixodidae) with the rabies virus

Favoretto

Almeida

Martorelli

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 46(6):788-790, Nov-Dec, 2013http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/0037-8682-1673-2013 Short Communication ABSTRACT Introduction:This study assessed the viability of the rabies virus in the argasid tick Carios fonsecai following experimental infection. Methods: The mouse inoculation test (MIT), fl uorescent antibody test (FAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used. The rabies virus was administered to ticks via the intra-coelomic route, and the ticks were sacrifi ced at different time points. Results: The inoculated ticks were negative for rabies according to the MIT. Ticks macerated with rabies virus were positive according to the MIT and FAT. All of the tick lots tested by PCR were positive. Conclusions: The rabies virus became unviable shortly after its inoculation into tick bodies. Ticks are not likely to play an important role in the epidemiology of rabies.

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Brazilian Spotted Fever: The Role of Capybaras

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

Rickettsia rickettsiiCo-feeding Transmission amongAmblyomma aureolatumTicks

Rickettsia rickettsiiCo-feeding Transmission amongAmblyomma aureolatumTicks

Human-induced changes in habitat preference by capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and their potential effect on zoonotic disease transmission

Experimental infection of the bat tick Carios fonsecai (Acari: Ixodidae) with the rabies virus

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