Brazilian Social Funds: The lessons learned from the Norway fund experience

Natural resource funds for innovation in emerging countries: an assessment of the Chilean experience

“…More recently, in 2015, the Mexican Oil Fund for Stabilization and Development was established, which, in addition to serving as a macroeconomic stabilizer, seeks to invest in science and technology (Altomonte and S anchez, 2016). Despite their good intentions, these experiences have also faced important institutional challenges (Guim on, 2018;Machado and De Medeiros, 2019), which motivates the need for more in-depth evaluations such as the study that we undertake hereinafter.…”

“…In 2005, Chile was the first country in the region to establish this type of fund, an experience that we will analyze in depth in the next section of this article. Another noteworthy case is the Brazilian Social Fund for development purposes, created in 2010, which includes an explicit mandate to invest in science and technology (Machado and De Medeiros, 2019). Colombia also created its STI Fund in 2011, funded with royalties from mining and oil resources, with the objective of enhancing the innovative capacity of the country's regions (Guim on, 2018).…”

“…In this context, NRFs are increasingly being used to finance the development of national technological capabilities (Collier et al , 2009; Collier and Laroche, 2015; Iizuka et al , 2017; Mancini and Paz, 2018). Within the Latin American context, some studies have analyzed NRFs in general (Iizuka et al , 2017; Machado and De Medeiros, 2019), but the empirical evidence regarding innovation-oriented NRFs is still very limited, among other things because it constitutes a more recent phenomenon. Despite the promising opportunities associated with innovation-oriented NRFs, we still lack evidence on their results in the context of emerging countries and of the institutional challenges that arise in their design and implementation.…”

Ousadia e alegria: sportswashing e soft power do Catar através do futebol

“…Além disso, a economia do país tende a ficar hiper-especializada na produção e exportação da nova commodity, levando a uma baixa diversificação de sua capacidade produtiva. Por consequência, a economia local fica extremamente dependente da variação do preço do barril de petróleo na cotação internacional, e períodos de crise tornam-se constantes em países produtores como Venezuela e Nigéria (JORDAN, 2013;COSTA, 2019). Por conta disso, é uma constante preocupação dos países produtores elaborarem estratégias para evitar as condições supracitadas e aproveitar ao máximo os benefícios econômicos da exploração dos hidrocarbonetos.…”

Experience of Norway in Development Oil Market

“…There is definite statement that Norway is a shareholder of ownership on underwater oil deposits (continental platform) and has exclusive rights on these resources management. The survey and production activities can be leased out to third parties through the survey licenses or from the State through the national Norway Company STATOIL Petroleum AS [9].…”