Brazilian quilombos: A repository of Amerindian alleles

Gontijo, Carolina Carvalho; Amorim, Carlos Eduardo Guerra; Godinho, Neide M. O.; Toledo, Rafaela C. P.; Nunes, Adriana Cristina da Silva; Silva, Wellington; Moura, Maria Manuela da Fonseca; Oliveira, José Carlos Coutinho De; Pagotto, Rubiani de Cássia; Klautau‐Guimarães, Maria de Nazaré; Oliveira, Silviene Fabiana de

doi:10.1002/ajhb.22501

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…It has been shown that European ancestry is evenly preponderant across the country; the African contribution has reached the highest proportion in the Northeast (∼30.3%), followed in decreasing order by the Southeast (∼18.9%), South (∼12.7%), and North (∼10.9%) regions, while the Amerindian contribution is the highest in the North (∼19.4%) region, and relatively evenly spread across the other regions (Santos et al 2010; Pena et al 2011). An unexpected high Amerindian contribution is also found in semi-isolated communities founded by African-slaves refugees, the “quilombos” (Lopes Maciel et al 2011; Kimura et al 2013; Gontijo et al 2014). Our colonization history also accounts for the high incidence of some diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and genomics in Brazil: a promising future

Passos‐Bueno

Bertola

Horovitz

et al. 2014

Molec Gen & Gen Med

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and genomics in Brazil: a promising future

Passos‐Bueno

Bertola

Horovitz

et al. 2014

Molec Gen & Gen Med

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“…On the other hand, populations in the North consist of a significant proportion of Amerindian ancestry, while remaining relatively uniform in other regions. In particular, the northeast region of Brazil where the state of Rio Grande do Norte is located, presents the highest African ancestry contribution in the country ranging from 18.6 to 56.8% [ 34 , 39 – 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new panel of SNPs to assess thyroid carcinoma risk: a pilot study in a Brazilian admixture population

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThyroid cancer is a common malignant disease of the endocrine system with increasing incidence rates over the last few decades. In this study, we sought to analyze the possible association of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with thyroid cancer in a population from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.MethodsBased on histological analysis by a pathologist, 80 normal thyroid specimens of tissue adjacent to thyroid tumors were obtained from the biobank at the Laboratory of Pathology of Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer, Natal, RN. Patient samples were then genotyped using the MassARRAY platform (Sequenon, Inc) followed by statistical analysis employing the SNPassoc package in R program. The genotypic frequencies of all 45 SNPs obtained from the International HapMap Project database and based on data from the ancestral populations of European and African origin were used to compose the control study group.ResultsIn our study, the following 9 SNPs showed significant differences in their frequency when comparing the study and control groups: rs3744962, rs258107, rs1461855, rs4075022, rs9943744, rs4075570, rs2356508, rs17485896, and rs2651339. Furthermore, the SNPs rs374492 C/T and rs258107 C/T were associated with a relative risk for thyroid carcinoma of 3.78 (p = 6.27 × 10e−5) and 2.91 (p = 8.27 × 10e−5), respectively, after Bonferroni’s correction for multiple comparisons.ConclusionsThese nine polymorphisms could be potential biomarkers of predisposition to thyroid carcinoma in the population from Rio Grande do Norte. However, complementary studies including a control group with samples obtained from healthy subjects in Rio Grande do Norte state, should be conducted to confirm these results.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-017-0502-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…These HLA genes are associated with several infectious diseases, including malaria ( Hill et al, 1991 ) and COVID-19 ( Dobrijević et al, 2022 ). In some Quilombolas of Northwest and North Brazil, we have a possible repository of Amerindian alleles, checked by informative ancestral markers with Quilombolas and other African-Brazilian populations, with over 40% Amerindian ancestry contributing to the admixture of Brazilian populations ( Gontijo et al, 2014 ). Thus, it contains valuable information for studies in American pre-colonization history.…”

Section: The Communities Of Enslaved Sub-saharan African Descendants:...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of ancestrality and admixture in Latin America and the caribbean focusing on native American and African descendant populations

Oliveira

Secolin²,

Lopes-Cendes³

2023

Front. Genet.

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Genomics can reveal essential features about the demographic evolution of a population that may not be apparent from historical elements. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of studies applying genomic epidemiological approaches to understand the genetic structure and diversity of human populations in the context of demographic history and for implementing precision medicine. These efforts have traditionally been applied predominantly to populations of European origin. More recently, initiatives in the United States and Africa are including more diverse populations, establishing new horizons for research in human populations with African and/or Native ancestries. Still, even in the most recent projects, the under-representation of genomic data from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is remarkable. In addition, because the region presents the most recent global miscegenation, genomics data from LAC may add relevant information to understand population admixture better. Admixture in LAC started during the colonial period, in the 15th century, with intense miscegenation between European settlers, mainly from Portugal and Spain, with local indigenous and sub-Saharan Africans brought through the slave trade. Since, there are descendants of formerly enslaved and Native American populations in the LAC territory; they are considered vulnerable populations because of their history and current living conditions. In this context, studying LAC Native American and African descendant populations is important for several reasons. First, studying human populations from different origins makes it possible to understand the diversity of the human genome better. Second, it also has an immediate application to these populations, such as empowering communities with the knowledge of their ancestral origins. Furthermore, because knowledge of the population genomic structure is an essential requirement for implementing genomic medicine and precision health practices, population genomics studies may ensure that these communities have access to genomic information for risk assessment, prevention, and the delivery of optimized treatment; thus, helping to reduce inequalities in the Western Hemisphere. Hoping to set the stage for future studies, we review different aspects related to genetic and genomic research in vulnerable populations from LAC countries.

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Brazilian quilombos: A repository of Amerindian alleles

Abstract: These results identify two living African-Brazilian populations that carry unique and important genetic information regarding Amerindian history. These populations will be extremely valuable in future investigations into American pre-history and Native American evolutionary dynamics.

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Genetics and genomics in Brazil: a promising future

Genetics and genomics in Brazil: a promising future

A new panel of SNPs to assess thyroid carcinoma risk: a pilot study in a Brazilian admixture population

A review of ancestrality and admixture in Latin America and the caribbean focusing on native American and African descendant populations

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