Brazilian aquatic biodiversity in peril

Pinheiro, Hudson T.; Dario, Fabio Di; Gerhardinger, Leopoldo Cavaleri; Melo, Marcelo R. S.; Moura, Rodrigo L.; Reis, Roberto E.; Vieira, Fábio; Zuanon, Jansen; Rocha, Luiz A.

doi:10.1126/science.350.6264.1043-a

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although these guitarfishes are not targeted by demersal fisheries that exploit sciaenid fishes (e.g., Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest 1823), Macrodon ancylodon (Bloch & Schneider 1801) and Cynoscion jamaicensis (Vaillant & Bocourt 1883)), they are generally caught as by-catch in the small-to-large-scale commercial fisheries; e.g., double-rig trawl, pair and single bottom trawls and bottom gillnets (Costa & Chaves, 2006;Martins & Schwingel, 2003;Mazzoleni & Schwingel, 1999). In addition, the occurrence of these species in multispecies commercial fisheries has been considered a current threat to their status Pinheiro et al, 2015), contributing to their global IUCN classification of Critically Endangered (CR) for P. horkelii, Near Threatened (NT) for P. percellens and Vulnerable (VU) for Z. brevirostris (Casper & Burgess, 2016;Lessa & Vooren, 2016;Vooren et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and growth of three endemic threatened guitarfishes Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens and Zapteryx brevirostris in the western South Atlantic Ocean

Caltabellotta

Siders

Murie

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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The age and growth of three endemic threatened guitarfish species were analysed using vertebrae of Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens and Zapteryx brevirostris. Edge and marginal‐increment analyses were used to evaluate the periodicity of the formation of the band‐pairs, suggesting deposition of one band‐pair per year, from late winter to late spring. The von Bertalanffy growth model was used to describe the growth of these species with the following parameters, for pooled sexes: P. horkelii L∞ = 126.93, k = 0.19 and t0 = −1.51; P. percellens L∞ = 109.31, k = 0.16 and t0 = −1.78; Z. brevirostris L∞ = 60.37, k = 0.24 and t0 = −1.42. Our results are essential to understanding the resilience and vulnerability of these species to harvest, which can contribute to management and conservation actions of these species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and growth of three endemic threatened guitarfishes Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens and Zapteryx brevirostris in the western South Atlantic Ocean

Caltabellotta

Siders

Murie

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Recently, increasing political instability saw the impeachment of the last elected president while cuts in educational, environmental, and public service expenses have had negative implications for the incomes and livelihood chances of the poor (Pinheiro et al 2015;S3). Exclusionary and often elitist transformations in agrarian, environmental, and indigenous policies have been shaping the current socio-political scenario, threatening the integrity of conservation initiatives and the people dependent on local natural resources.…”

Section: Social Economic and Political Settings (S)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mangroves, fishers, and the struggle for adaptive comanagement: applying the social-ecological systems framework to a marine extractive reserve (RESEX) in Brazil

Partelow¹,

Glaser²,

Arce³

et al. 2018

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Brazil has a network of marine extractive reserves (RESEX), a form of marine protected area (MPA) using comanagement. The RESEX program aims to bring traditionally marginalized populations with natural resource dependent livelihoods into national development processes by empowering them to participate in governance and steward biodiversity conservation. We apply the socialecological systems framework (SESF) and collective action theory to diagnose challenges for comanagement in the Caete-Teperacu marine RESEX near Bragança, Brazil, a multiuse mangrove estuary supporting a small-scale crab fishery. We conducted key informant interviews and build on over 20 years of research in the region to provide an overarching analysis of the challenges facing comanagement. We describe the variables from the SESF in the case context and find that many social and ecological variables interact in clusters over time, and these clusters can be identified as themes, including (1) social and political momentum supporting the RESEX; (2) shifting perceptions of local residents and fishers; (3) patron-client relationships and social-ecological traps; (4) challenges with institutional fit; and (5) the interactions between harvesting closures, compensation, and dependence on local natural resources. Furthermore, we use collective action theory to help explain the role that each variable plays in either hindering or enabling successful governance. Our findings suggest that institutional resilience is needed to make RESEX adaptive to shifting social and political momenta. It could do this by providing more platforms for communication, deliberation, and knowledge exchange among the relevant actors. We believe our findings reflect broader challenges facing RESEX implementation throughout Brazil, and lessons can be learned for MPAs facing difficulties with the implementation of comanagement worldwide.

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“…The largely unstable institutional and political condition in the emergent economy of Brazil currently further complicates ocean governance (Polette and Vieira, 2009;Wever et al, 2012;Pinheiro et al, 2015;Fearnside, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have been largely ignored by other ministerial agencies. The current, largely unstable institutional and political state of affairs in Brazil continuously challenges the design and implementation of a coherent national ocean governance vision (Gerhardinger et al, 2015a;Pinheiro et al, 2015;Fearnside, 2016), particularly one that integrates MPAs and MSP with other integrated coastal zone management and sustainable territorial development policies and instruments (Vivacqua et al, 2009;Marroni and Asmus, 2013). Among recent Brazilian executive and legislative actions dealing with MPAs and MSP at the Blue Amazon level, the emerging National Institute for Oceanographic Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Oceanográficas e Hidroviárias) and the 2013 submission of a proposal to the Brazilian National Congress of an entirely new Marine Bill are crucial steps toward more sustainable ocean governance which, however, still lack political momentum at the national level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healing Brazil's Blue Amazon: The Role of Knowledge Networks in Nurturing Cross-Scale Transformations at the Frontlines of Ocean Sustainability

Gerhardinger

Gorris

Gonçalves³

et al. 2018

Front. Mar. Sci.

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HIGHLIGHTS• The Anthropocene compels unlocking of ocean-related network capabilities.• Orchestration of local, regional, and global knowledge networks can augment transformative capacity.• Transdisciplinary network diagnostics are promising social learning tools.• Strategic advice for transformational research in ocean territories are provided. This paper dedicates to understanding of what is needed to achieve the transformation of ocean governance. Based on the theory of transformative agency conceptualized in a multi-level governance context, we build on recent novel inter-and transdisciplinary research in Brazil to explore the opportunities for transformation in the dynamic, complex, and multi-level field of ocean governance. We focus this analysis on three transformation processes toward developing a socially and ecologically coherent marine protected area network as the core of a marine spatial planning process for enhanced ecosystem-based polycentric governance of the country's Exclusive Economic Zone. The findings illuminate leverage points for achieving (much needed) transformation in Brazilian ocean governance and potentially beyond. These include: connecting transformative actions into coherent narratives and testing strategic advice derived from theories of transformative agency to promote regime shifts in ocean governance systems; setting of more ambitious social mobilization targets; fostering orchestration of knowledge-networks considering multiple issues, territorial and institutional levels; implementing institutional learning experiments; supporting transformational trajectories toward co-evolutionary, polycentric, ecosystem-and area-based ocean governance systems; and pursuing gradual, incremental structural understanding of Gerhardinger et al. Healing the Blue Amazon with Knowledge-Action Networks a given knowledge network field as a major driver of catalyzing transformative change. Hereby, this article advances understanding of how to better navigate the transformation toward enhanced sustainability in an important part of the Atlantic and hence of our global ocean.

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Brazilian aquatic biodiversity in peril

Cited by 36 publications

References 2 publications

Age and growth of three endemic threatened guitarfishes Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens and Zapteryx brevirostris in the western South Atlantic Ocean

Age and growth of three endemic threatened guitarfishes Pseudobatos horkelii, P. percellens and Zapteryx brevirostris in the western South Atlantic Ocean

Mangroves, fishers, and the struggle for adaptive comanagement: applying the social-ecological systems framework to a marine extractive reserve (RESEX) in Brazil

Healing Brazil's Blue Amazon: The Role of Knowledge Networks in Nurturing Cross-Scale Transformations at the Frontlines of Ocean Sustainability

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