Brazilian Antidoping Public Policy

Almeida, Cláudio Bispo de; Rodrigues, Deyvis Nascimento

doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.903746

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Because no Croatian Olympic medalist ever had to return his Olympic medal due to the positive doping test, our study participants are officially considered clean of forbidden substances in the time of winning the Olympic medal. However, International Olympic Committee did not provide official doping controls until 1968 and there were no official tests for anabolic steroids at the Olympic games until 1976 ( 37 , 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and causes of death among Croatian male Olympic medalists

Radonić¹,

Kozmar

Počanić

et al. 2017

Croat Med J

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AimTo compare the overall and disease-specific mortality of Croatian male athletes who won one or more Olympic medals representing Yugoslavia from 1948 to 1988 or Croatia from 1992 to 2016, and the general Croatian male population standardized by age and time period.MethodsAll 233 Croatian male Olympic medalists were included in the study. Information on life duration and cause of death for the Olympic medalists who died before January 1, 2017, was acquired from their families and acquaintances. We asked the families and acquaintances to present medical documentation for the deceased. Data about the overall and disease-specific mortality of the Croatian male population standardized by age and time period were obtained from the Croatian Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Overall and disease-specific standard mortality ratios (SMR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to compare the mortality rates of athletes and general population.ResultsAmong 233 Olympic medalists, 57 died before the study endpoint. The main causes of death were cardiovascular diseases (33.3%), neoplasms (26.3%), and external causes (17.6%). The overall mortality of the Olympic medalists was significantly lower than that of general population (SMR 0.73, 95% CI 0.56-0.94, P = 0.013). Regarding specific causes of death, athletes’ mortality from cardiovascular diseases was significantly reduced (SMR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38-0.93, P = 0.021).ConclusionsCroatian male Olympic medalists benefit from lower overall and cardiovascular mortality rates in comparison to the general Croatian male population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%