Brazil: Mixture or Massacre? Essays in the Genocide of a Black People

Glasgow, Roy Arthur; Nascimento, Abdias do; Nascimento, Elisa Larkin

doi:10.2307/219343

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Valente and Berry (2020) state that the white elite used the fact that there were no segregationist laws in Brazil, unlike in the US and South Africa, for example, to create and spread the "myth of Brazilian racial democracy". However, racial discrimination and oppression for black and brown people are part of Brazil's historical socioeconomic development (NASCIMENTO, 1989;SKIDMORE, 1993). Telles (2004) compared indicators of racial inequalities between Brazil, the USA, and South Africa with a focus on the structure and distribution of income between white and non-white individuals.…”

Section: Recent Developments In Race and Income Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and economic segregation in Brazil: a nationwide analysis of socioeconomic and socio-spatial inequalities

Sousa Filho,

Pedeira,

Santos

et al. 2023

Rev. bras. estud. popul.

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This article aims to analyze residential segregation by race (racial segregation) and income (economic segregation) in Brazil and explore its relationship with socioeconomic and socio-spatial factors. Residential segregation was assessed using the dissimilarity index based on the 2010 demographic census and considering urban census tracts since segregation is sociologically considered an urban problem. The results for racial segregation showed that it is more evident in cities in the South and Southeast of Brazil and mainly affects the self-declared black population. The approach used to calculate economic segregation involved examining the income level of different low-income groups. Therefore, we consider families that earned between 0 and 1 minimum wage as the group with the greatest social vulnerability. We did not find significant correlations between racial and income segregation indices with aspects such as urbanization (urban population size). Finally, we present the racial segregation indices stratifying families by income thresholds for the 27 Brazilian capitals and conclude that per capita household income is a preponderant factor for the segregation of the poorest, especially in families whose residents self-identify as black.

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Section: Recent Developments In Race and Income Segregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and economic segregation in Brazil: a nationwide analysis of socioeconomic and socio-spatial inequalities

Sousa Filho,

Pedeira,

Santos

et al. 2023

Rev. bras. estud. popul.

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“…Even though the ideas of mestizaje were considered progressive for much of the 20 th century, they also had critics. These alternative voices and scholars argued that these ideologies erased the ethnoracial consciousness of the general population or even implied a cultural or statistical genocide of Black and Indigenous peoples (Nascimento 1979;Bonfil Batalla 1990).…”

Section: Mestizajementioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Latin America

Telles,

Bailey,

Davoudpour

et al. 2023

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This chapter examines socioeconomic inequality in Latin America through the lens of race and ethnicity. We primarily use national census data from the International Public Use Micro Data Sample (IPUMS). Since censuses use inconsistent measures of race and ethnicity, we also draw on two additional measures from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP). Unlike censuses, LAPOP data offer a more consistent ethnoracial scheme across countries and a unique interviewer-rated skin color measure. Our study shows that black and indigenous populations and those with darker skin color experience educational, income, and occupational disadvantages, even after controlling for their social origins. However, inequality and hierarchical ordering of Afro-descendants, indigenous peoples, mestizos, whites, and others vary across countries. We include an extended examination of educational inequality in Brazil, the regions largest country. The chapter concludes with an exploration of public policy approaches to address black and indigenous disadvantage across Latin America while also highlighting the case of Brazil, where targeted antiracism policy is most advanced.

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“…Similar to Crenshaw, Leonardo (2013) makes it clear that "CRT leaves no intellectual stone unturned" and because racism is so complex and multifaceted, "CRT recruits allies from across the aisle as well as university departments" (p. 12). Leonardo also points to sociologists such as DuBois and Bonilla-Silva, yet alludes to CRT's Diasporic dimensions in suggesting that CRT draws its inspiration from the insights of scholars such as Charles Mills, Stuart Hall, and Paul Gilroy. This intellectual ancestry allows us to further trace CRT's family tree to Black thinkers such as DuBois (1903,1945,1973), Frantz Fanon (1952), St. Clair Drake (1951Drake ( , 1984, Nascimento (1980), and Nascimento (1979;Nascimento & Nascimento, 1992)-among many others-who were attentive to the global and universal nature of White supremacy and anti-Black racism in 20th-century writings. Collectively, this Black historical convention of an interdisciplinary and global critique illustrates that an analysis of anti-Black racism must begin with "transnational relations of domination, transcending the First World nation-state, for which race is the bearer" (Mills, 1998, p. 127).…”

Section: Crt As Diaspora Theory? the Black Global Traditions And Conv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Vargas (2008) and Alves (2018), racial inequities such as police abuse, residential segregation, unemployment, and premature deaths disproportionately impact Afro-Brazilians. These racial inequities surface through the Afro-Brazilian polity and trouble Brazil's long-entrenched myth of racial democracy (Alves, 2018;Nascimento, 1979;Nascimento & Nascimento, 1992;Smith, 2016). Social activist movements in Brazil-many led by Black women-emphasize the dehumanization of Black Brazilians, sometimes resulting in the successful implementation of racially just policies such as affirmative action (Alves, 2018;Alves & Vargas, 2017;Caldwell, 2007;Covin, 2006;Paschel, 2016a;Paschel & Sawyer, 2008;Perry, 2013Perry, , 2016Vargas, 2006Vargas, , 2008Vargas, , 2016.…”

Section: The Centrality Of Racismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given CRT's sociohistoric origin in the United States, we caution against the use of U.S. theories as dominant frames for thinking about race and racism (Alvarez et al, 2016;Laó-Montes, 2016). Black anti-racist and decolonial theories have been, are, and will continue to be generated from the Global South (Cabral, 1979(Cabral, , 2016Fanon, 1952Fanon, , 1962Gonzalez, 1988;James, 1938;Nascimento, 1979;Nascimento & Nascimento, 1992;Zapata Olivella, 1983). Relatedly, when theorizing about race and racism from a transnational scope, it is important to recognize the geopolitical undercurrents of knowledge production involved, even as Black scholars (Hanchard, 2003;Mitchell-Walthour & Hordge-Freeman, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

All Around the World Same Song: Transnational Anti-Black Racism and New (and Old) Directions for Critical Race Theory in Educational Research

Busey

Coleman-King

2020

Urban Education

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As demonstrated through the disregard for Black humanity and respondent Black social movements throughout Latin America, anti-Black systemic racism is a transnational phenomenon birthed from global White supremacy. Across the Americas, the hemispheric parallels undergirding collective resistance to anti-Black racism and state-sanctioned violence lend themselves to multifaceted interdisciplinary scholarly examinations. Using transnational anti-Black racism in Latin America as a point of departure, we advance a theorization of critical race theory in education capable of interrogating racist structures of coloniality, modernity, and White supremacy that operate globally to suppress Black humanity and humanness in general. To that extent, we draw from and reposition critical race theory (CRT) from its sociohistoric heritage in the United States and instead conceptualize transnational anti-Black racism vis-à-vis a Black Diaspora reading of CRT. Finally, we return to education as a key site of contestation for transnational anti-Black racism and draw implications for the meaning of this global theorization of CRT in urban education, praxis, and educational research. We end by charting new and old directions for CRT in educational research.

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Brazil: Mixture or Massacre? Essays in the Genocide of a Black People

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Racial and economic segregation in Brazil: a nationwide analysis of socioeconomic and socio-spatial inequalities

Racial and economic segregation in Brazil: a nationwide analysis of socioeconomic and socio-spatial inequalities

Racial and Ethnic Inequality in Latin America

All Around the World Same Song: Transnational Anti-Black Racism and New (and Old) Directions for Critical Race Theory in Educational Research

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