Brazil in the 1990s: An economy in transition

Baumann, Renato

doi:10.18356/6e31b32b-en

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…When the Collor de Mello administration took office in 1990, it implemented a series of economic reforms aiming to reintegrate Brazil into world markets. These reforms eliminated hurdles in the foreign currency market and implemented new rules facilitating flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) and capitals for portfolio investment purposes, as discussed in Baumann (2001). As a result, individuals and firms could obtain foreign currency more easily, which facilitated the importation of goods and services.…”

Section: A Policy Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the China Shock on the Manufacturing Labor Market in Brazil

Paz¹

2019

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Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license.Following a peer review process, and with previous written consent by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), a revised version of this work may also be reproduced in any academic journal, including those indexed by the American Economic Association's EconLit, provided that the IDB is credited and that the author(s) receive no income from the publication. Therefore, the restriction to receive income from such publication shall only extend to the publication's author(s). With regard to such restriction, in case of any inconsistency between the Creative Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license and these statements, the latter shall prevail.Note that link provided above includes additional terms and conditions of the license.The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent.

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Section: A Policy Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the China Shock on the Manufacturing Labor Market in Brazil

Paz¹

2019

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“…Most major trade barriers, both tariff and non-tariff, were removed during the first half of the 90s. By 1994, average tariff levels rested at 14.2%, less than half of the nominal average at the start of 1990 (Baumann, 2001). Though the FHC government generally maintained a liberal trade policy, the over-valued real and a reduction in domestic producer protections led to a greater demand for imports and a decrease in exports, creating an increasingly worrisome trade deficit.…”

Section: Economic Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the government passed a new minimum wage in 1996 and, given that a large portion of benefits are tied to the minimum wage, this contributed to the rising costs of the pension system. By 1998, social security expenditures reached 10 per cent of GDP, being disbursed to nearly 19 million real beneficiaries and producing a deficit equal to 3 percent of GDP (Baumann, 2001). Between the three components of the national pension system 23 , public sector employees received 75 percent of the benefits paid out, though they represented a significantly smaller number of actual beneficiaries.…”

Section: Social Policies-fhcmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Postmodern Persistence of the Brazilian Development State: A Comparative Study of Policies During the Cardoso and Lula Administrations

Talkington¹

2011

McNair Scholars Online Journal

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This paper seeks to define and compare Brazilian national development strategies during the Cardoso and Lula administrations. Assuming a political economy perspective, we first provide a context for understanding contemporary Brazilian development by defining the developmental state characterizing Brazilian governance from 1930 to 1985, followed by an overview of the theoretical arguments underlying the reform process. Using an historical deductive methodology, we explore the national development strategies of the two administrations through a narrative of their divergent agendas and the economic and social policies they engendered. Finally, we consider the similarities and distinctions between development policies occurring in the periods under analysis, drawing attention to the evolving character and role of a reformed, but still intact, developmental state in Brazil.

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“…Many of the countries "experienced a loss of wealth" and "many social indicators registered a sharp deterioration in the quality of life within the region throughout the decade." As a result, lots of Latin American countries spent the 90s attempting to recover their former standard of living (Baumann, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%