Brassinosteroids: Molecular and physiological responses in plant growth and abiotic stresses

Hafeez, Muhammad Bilal; Zahra, Noreen; Zahra, Kiran; Raza, Ali; Khan, Aaliya; Shaukat, Kanval; Khan, Shahbaz

doi:10.1016/j.stress.2021.100029

Cited by 56 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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Section: Si-induced Differential Phytohormone Synthesis Under Abiotic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytohormones play a critical role in growth and development and are essential to circumventing a diverse range of environmental stressors ( Sato et al, 2010 ; Raza et al, 2019 ; Hafeez et al, 2021b ; Mubarik et al, 2021 ). Phytohormones, such as auxin, CK, ABA, GAs, and BR, are vital to growth and metabolism during normal and stressful conditions ( Sato et al, 2010 ; Raza et al, 2019 ; Hafeez et al, 2021b ; Mubarik et al, 2021 ). These hormones modulate a wide range of physiological networks at low concentrations, once transported directly to the corresponding cells or transported to distant tissues ( Colebrook et al, 2014 ), thus resilience to environmental stressors.…”

Section: Si-induced Differential Phytohormone Synthesis Under Abiotic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress

et al. 2022

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Sustainable agricultural production is critically antagonistic by fluctuating unfavorable environmental conditions. The introduction of mineral elements emerged as the most exciting and magical aspect, apart from the novel intervention of traditional and applied strategies to defend the abiotic stress conditions. The silicon (Si) has ameliorating impacts by regulating diverse functionalities on enhancing the growth and development of crop plants. Si is categorized as a non-essential element since crop plants accumulate less during normal environmental conditions. Studies on the application of Si in plants highlight the beneficial role of Si during extreme stressful conditions through modulation of several metabolites during abiotic stress conditions. Phytohormones are primary plant metabolites positively regulated by Si during abiotic stress conditions. Phytohormones play a pivotal role in crop plants’ broad-spectrum biochemical and physiological aspects during normal and extreme environmental conditions. Frontline phytohormones include auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, gibberellin, salicylic acid, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, and jasmonic acid. These phytohormones are internally correlated with Si in regulating abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms. This review explores insights into the role of Si in enhancing the phytohormone metabolism and its role in maintaining the physiological and biochemical well-being of crop plants during diverse abiotic stresses. Moreover, in-depth information about Si’s pivotal role in inducing abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants through metabolic and molecular modulations is elaborated. Furthermore, the potential of various high throughput technologies has also been discussed in improving Si-induced multiple stress tolerance. In addition, a special emphasis is engrossed in the role of Si in achieving sustainable agricultural growth and global food security.

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Section: Si-induced Differential Phytohormone Synthesis Under Abiotic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Si-induced Differential Phytohormone Synthesis Under Abiotic...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress

et al. 2022

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“…BR played an important role in the etiolation process of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The ability of the BR-deficient mutant seedlings to turn green was significantly lower than that of the wild type, which was related to the effect of BR on the key enzymes of chlorophyll synthesis [ 9 ]. BR also associates with plant resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, BR ameliorated drought and salt stresses in tomato by regulating MAP-kinase and YODA transcription factor to affect stomatal conductance. The application of BR was an effective way to alleviate the cold stress of plants, and can significantly increase the activities of SOD and POD [ 9 ]. BR can also alleviate the photoinhibition effect by increasing photochemical quenching coefficient, quantum number and photochemical efficiency of photosystem II.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brassinosteroid Accelerates Wound Healing of Potato Tubers by Activation of Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Phenylpropanoid Metabolism

Han

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Foods

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Wound healing could effectively reduce the decay rate of potato tubers after harvest, but it took a long time to form typical and complete healing structures. Brassinosteroid (BR), as a sterol hormone, is important for enhancing plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, it has not been reported that if BR affects wound healing of potato tubers. In the present study, we observed that BR played a positive role in the accumulation of lignin and suberin polyphenolic (SPP) at the wounds, and effectively reduced the weight loss and disease index of potato tubers (cv. Atlantic) during healing. At the end of healing, the weight loss and disease index of BR group was 30.8% and 23.1% lower than the control, respectively. Furthermore, BR activated the expression of StPAL, St4CL, StCAD genes and related enzyme activities in phenylpropanoid metabolism, and promoted the synthesis of lignin precursors and phenolic acids at the wound site, mainly by inducing the synthesis of caffeic acid, sinapic acid and cinnamyl alcohol. Meanwhile, the expression of StNOX was induced and the production of O2− and H2O2 was promoted, which mediated oxidative crosslinking of above phenolic acids and lignin precursors to form SPP and lignin. In addition, the expression level of StPOD was partially increased. In contrast, the inhibitor brassinazole inhibited phenylpropanoid metabolism and reactive oxygen metabolism, and demonstrated the function of BR hormone in healing in reverse. Taken together, the activation of reactive oxygen metabolism and phenylpropanoid metabolism by BR could accelerate the wound healing of potato tubers.

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“…For instance, under abiotic stress, ABA and H 2 O 2 (reactive oxygen species (ROS)) levels increase which triggers an elevated cytosolic calcium concentration that in turn activates the calcium protein kinases which regulates ion channel activities and tolerates such abiotic stress [32][33][34]. Several other signaling cascades that regulate stomatal movements are generated in response to stress, such as plant hormones brassinosteroid (BR) signaling which helps plants tolerate stress environments [35][36][37]. Our knowledge about the functions and regulation of the ion channels in stomatal movement comes from electrophysiological studies conducted on single guard cells and the analysis of the effects of the ion channel mutants on the stomatal operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Functional Insights into the Role of Guard Cell Ion Channels in Abiotic Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure

Kashtoh

Baek

2021

Plants

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A stomatal pore is formed by a pair of specialized guard cells and serves as a major gateway for water transpiration and atmospheric CO2 influx for photosynthesis in plants. These pores must be tightly controlled, as inadequate CO2 intake and excessive water loss are devastating for plants. When the plants are exposed to extreme weather conditions such as high CO2 levels, O3, low air humidity, and drought, the turgor pressure of the guard cells exhibits an appropriate response against these stresses, which leads to stomatal closure. This phenomenon involves a complex network of ion channels and their regulation. It is well-established that the turgor pressure of guard cells is regulated by ions transportation across the membrane, such as anions and potassium ions. In this review, the guard cell ion channels are discussed, highlighting the structure and functions of key ion channels; the SLAC1 anion channel and KAT1 potassium channel, and their regulatory components, emphasizing their significance in guard cell response to various stimuli.

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Brassinosteroids: Molecular and physiological responses in plant growth and abiotic stresses

Cited by 56 publications

References 77 publications

Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress

Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress

Brassinosteroid Accelerates Wound Healing of Potato Tubers by Activation of Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Phenylpropanoid Metabolism

Structural and Functional Insights into the Role of Guard Cell Ion Channels in Abiotic Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure

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