Branchiopoda

Tasch, Paul

doi:10.1007/3-540-31078-9_23

Cited by 10 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Tasch, 1969). The early Devonian (Pragian) Rhynie chert fossil Castracollis wilsonae was chosen for inferring the minimum age of the last common ancestor of Notostraca and Spinicaudata (see Section 4.1).…”

Section: Divergence Time Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would imply an even older age of the last common ancestor of Notostraca and Spinicaudata, i.e., this calibration may actually cause an underestimation of divergence times. Oldest records of Spinicaudata are also from the early Devonian (Tasch, 1969; followed by geographically widespread records from the Middle Devonian and Upper Devonian, Tasch, 1987) so that an early Devonian (i.e. 393.3-419.2 Ma BP, see Cohen et al, 2012;or older) age of the last common ancestor of Notostraca and Diplostraca (including Spinicaudata) appears to be the most likely Table 3 Divergence date estimates (given in millions of years) for ingroup nodes in Fig.…”

Section: Choice Of Fossils For Calibration Of Divergence Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The closest known relatives of the Notostraca are the Kazacharthra Nozohilov, 1957, an extinct group of phyllopods known only from the upper Triassic to the lower Jurassic of Asia (Briggs et al, 1993;Olesen, 2009). Together, they form the Calmanostraca Tasch, 1969. The early Devonian Castracollis wilsonae Fayers and Trewin, 2003 is either placed in the Calmanostraca (Fayers and Trewin, 2003) or is treated as sister group to Calmanostraca (Olesen, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogeny of the Notostraca

Korn

Rabet

Ghate³

et al. 2013

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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a b s t r a c tWe used a combined analysis of one nuclear (28S rDNA) and three mitochondrial markers (COI, 12S rDNA, 16S rDNA) to infer the molecular phylogeny of the Notostraca, represented by samples from the six continents that are inhabited by this group of branchiopod crustaceans. Our results confirm the monophyly of both extant notostracan genera Triops and Lepidurus with good support in model based and maximum parsimony analyses. We used branchiopod fossils as a calibration to infer divergence times among notostracan lineages and accounted for rate heterogeneity among lineages by applying relaxed-clock models. Our divergence date estimates indicate an initial diversification into the genera Triops and Lepidurus in the Mesozoic, most likely at a minimum age of 152.3-233.5 Ma, i.e., in the Triassic or Jurassic. Implications for the interpretation of fossils and the evolution of notostracan morphology are discussed. We further use the divergence date estimates to formulate a biogeographic hypothesis that explains distributions of extant lineages predominantly by overland dispersal routes. We identified an additional hitherto unrecognised highly diverged lineage within Lepidurus apus lubbocki and three additional previously unknown major lineages within Triops. Within T. granarius we found deep differentiation, with representatives distributed among three major phylogenetic lineages. One of these major lineages comprises T. cancriformis, the T. mauritanicus species group and two hitherto unrecognised T. granarius lineages. Samples that were morphologically identified as T. granarius diverged from the most basal nodes within this major lineage, and divergence dates suggested an approximate age of 23.7-49.6 Ma for T. cancriformis, indicating the need for a taxonomic revision of Triassic and Permian fossils that are currently attributed to the extant T. cancriformis. We thus elevate T. cancriformis minor to full species status as Triops minor Trusheim, 1938 and include in this species the additional Upper Triassic samples that were attributed to T. cancriformis. We further elevate T. cancriformis permiensis to full species status as Triops permiensis Gand et al., 1997.

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Section: Divergence Time Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Choice Of Fossils For Calibration Of Divergence Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular phylogeny of the Notostraca

Korn

Rabet

Ghate³

et al. 2013

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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“…Under such a scenario, Williams (1988) stated that one would expect to see some of the following properties: the more evolutionary ancient groups of the biota should occur in temporary waters; much of the biota living in permanent waters should retain effective dispersal mechanisms -to counter the geological ephemerality of their habitats and as a reflection of their lineage; many of the 'active migrants' of the permanent lentic biota should persist in lotic habitats, or have close relatives which do; and overall species richness in temporary waters should be greater than in permanent fresh waters. Evidence from the literature provides some support for each of these properties (Tasch 1969;Elgmork 1980;Fernando 1980;Schram 1986;Lake et al 1988;Fernando and Holcı´k 1989). (7) with increasing interest in land-water ecotones, the margins of temporary ponds and streams have the potential to be important sites for modelling hydrological processes, nutrient transport and transformation, and the role played by the biota (Bradley and Brown 1997;Giudicelli and Bournard 1997);and (8) there is now evidence to indicate that variations in the physical environment of inland waters impact both molecular and morphological evolution by changing mutation rates and by exposing, through genotype-environment interactions, other-wise cryptic variation.…”

Section: Significance To Biologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Temporary forest pools: can we see the water for the trees?

Williams

2005

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Temporary waters, in general, are fascinating habitats in which to study the properties of species adapted to living in highly variable environments. Species display a remarkable array of strategies for dealing with the periodic loss of their primary medium that sets them apart from the inhabitants of permanent water bodies. Survival of individuals typically depends on exceptional physiological tolerance or effective migrational abilities, and communities have their own, distinctive hallmarks. This paper will broadly overview the biology of temporary ponds, but will emphasize those in temperate forests. In particular, links will be sought between aquatic community properties, the nature of the riparian vegetation, and forestry practices. Quite apart from their inherent biological interest, temporary waters are now in the limelight both from a conservation perspective, as these habitats come more into conflict with human activities, and a health-control perspective, as breeding habitats for vectors of arboviruses. Traditionally, many temporary waters, be they pools, streams or wetlands, have been considered to be 'wasted' areas of land, potentially convertible to agriculture/silviculture once drained. In reality, they are natural features of the global landscape representing distinct and unique habitats for many species -some that are found nowhere else, others that reach their maximum abundance there. To be effective, conservation measures must preserve the full, hydroseral range of wetland types.

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“…Oil shales of the Horton Bluff and neighbouring Albert Mines formations occur within the Vallatisporites vallutus spore zone (Utting 1987), a flora representative of the subtropical arid belt of southern Euramerica (Van der Zwan 1981). The conchostracan fauna that occurs in strata of Tournaisian, early Namurian and Stephanian to early Permian age is similar to extant 'clam shrimp' fauna that can withstand prolonged periods of desiccation, opportunistically inhabiting waterstressed environments where ephemeral ponds develop in prevailing dryland settings (Tasch 1969). The Vis6an has long been held to represent a semiarid palaeoclimate (Bell 1929;Schenk 1967a, b) in which strandline algal stromatolite carbonates, playa salt flats, halite, anhydrite and potash formed.…”

Section: The Carboniferous Palaeoclimate Of Nova Scotiamentioning

confidence: 99%