Branching Responses of Young Apple Trees to Applications of 6-Benzylamino purine and Gibberellin A4 + 71

Forshey, C. G.

doi:10.21273/jashs.107.4.538

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Gene22385 (AHP) and gene9903 (B-ARR) were up-regulated in S1 and down-regulated in S2, indicating that phosphorylated AHPs move into the nucleus [40,41]. Previous studies have shown that exogenous GA spraying bene ts lateral bud initiation and branch extraction [5,9,35]. This study con rmed this conclusion and identi ed down-regulated gibberellin genes GID1 and TF in both S1 and S2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Integration of mRNA-miRNA revealed the possible role of PyCYCD3 may increasing branches through bud-notching in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd)

An,

Zuo,

Mao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The initiation of branching from the main stem of a pear tree is hindered in the absence of external stimuli, resulting in poor quality branching. Endogenous hormones and associated genes are pivotal in regulating the branching process in pear trees, while the patterns of branching in fruit trees and the underlying chemical mechanisms remain enigmatic. Methods: The impact of notching on 'Huang guan' pear buds was investigated through the assessment of germination rate, branching rate, and hormone levels. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to examine mRNA and miRNA expression in notched and control buds, leading to the identification of a mRNA-miRNA network, which was subsequently validated using qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the CYCD3 gene was genetically manipulated and analyzed in notched and control buds of pears. Results: Based on KEGG analysis, a notable proportion of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are linked to the biosynthesis pathway of plant compounds involved in signal transduction within the organism. Within this subset of DEGs, PyCYCD3was identified as an up-regulated gene, potentially indicating its involvement in the regulation of branching processes. Furthermore, a comprehensive investigation identified fifteen miRNAs that target three genes associated with plant hormones. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). PyCYCD3was chosen for transformation into wild Arabidopsis plants, resulting in the generation of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Subsequent analysis of branching patterns, plant hormone levels, and relative gene expression suggests that PyCYCD3may play a significant role in promoting lateral branches in pear trees through bud-notching. Conclusions: This study suggests that the transport of brassinosteroids from lateral branches to the stem in pear trees may be crucial for the development of lateral buds. PyCYCD3 likely plays a significant regulatory role in both bud germination and branch growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Integration of mRNA-miRNA revealed the possible role of PyCYCD3 may increasing branches through bud-notching in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd)

An,

Zuo,

Mao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…In apples, daminozide has not induced increased lateral budbreaks. Forshey found an increase in number of laterals formed on apple with BA + GA4+7, although mean shoot length was unaffected (6). Granger and Looney (7) induced lateral shoot formation in apple by treatment with BA followed by treatment with GA3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of BA + GA4+7, BA, and Daminozide on Growth and Lateral Shoot Development in Peach

Elkner

Coston

1986

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The effects of BA alone or in combination with GA4+7 and with either daminozide or a surfactant on growth and lateral development of peach [Prunus persica (L.) cv. Redhaven] were evaluated at 4 stages of terminal growth. BA + GA4+7 at 500 ppm or 1000 ppm daminozide was the most effective treatment for inducing lateral development when applied at terminal growth of 15-20 cm or 31-36 cm. BA + GA4+7 increased both tree height and average internode length for all treatments. BA with either surfactant or daminozide was not effective in inducing lateral shoot formation and caused shorter internodes and retarded tree growth in all treatment combinations except 250 ppm + 1000 ppm daminozide. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA) and (1α,2β,4aα,4bβ,10β)-2,4a,7-trihydroxy-l-methyl-8-methylenegibb-3-ene-l,10-dicarboxylic acid 1,4a-lactone (GA4+7).

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“…One week after pollen shed Three weeks after pollen shed Catkins retained Catkins removed Catkins retained Catkins removed Lanolin paste application: numbers of axillary shoots than it normally exhibits; however, commercial use is obviously precluded by the impracticality of ringing each shoot. Exogenous applications of ABA, IAA, or GA3 to buds fail to offer a method to induce branch development; however, as in apple (3,5), cytokinins offer some potential since BA and Promalin (BA plus G A ^) treatments delayed axillary shoot abortion. The ability of BA to delay branch abscission is evidence that a cytokinin deficiency or imbalance, relative to commercially desirable results, may be a factor that influences shoot abortion.…”

Section: Growth Regulator Treatment2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…served to stimulate the completion of axillary shoot development in apple (3,5), peach (4), and macadamia (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Axillary Shoot Abscission in Pecan and Its Relationship to Growth Regulators

Wood

1988

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The relatively low incidence of axillary shoot development in pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] and its detrimental impact on nut productivity prompted: 1) an evaluation of methods to induce axillary shoot morphogenesis, and 2) estimation of levels of endogenous phytohormones in abscising and nonabscising axillary shoots. Retention of developing shoots from 1-year-old terminals was increased three-fold by ringing. Application of benzyladenine (BA) delayed, but did not prevent, shoot abscission, whereas abscisic acid (ABA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), and gibberellic acid (GA3) applications had no detectable effect. Normal morphogenesis of axillary shoots was independent of the presence of developing catkins. Phytohormones tentatively identified in pecan axillary shoots and catkins were IAA, ABA, dihydrozeatin riboside (DHZR), t-zeatin riboside (ZR), trans-zeatin (Z), and dihydrozeatin (DHZ). A possible influence of these substances on budbreak and shoot morphogenesis is discussed. Axillary shoots eventually abscising exhibited a substantially higher level of IAA-like and ABA-like substances than did shoots completing morphogenesis. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine(BA); abscisic acid (ABA); 1H-indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); gibberellic acid (GA,).

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Branching Responses of Young Apple Trees to Applications of 6-Benzylamino purine and Gibberellin A4 + 71

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Integration of mRNA-miRNA revealed the possible role of PyCYCD3 may increasing branches through bud-notching in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd)

Integration of mRNA-miRNA revealed the possible role of PyCYCD3 may increasing branches through bud-notching in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd)

Effect of BA + GA4+7, BA, and Daminozide on Growth and Lateral Shoot Development in Peach

Axillary Shoot Abscission in Pecan and Its Relationship to Growth Regulators

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