Branch surface area and its vertical distribution in coastal Douglas-fir

Weiskittel, Aaron R.; Maguire, Douglas A.

doi:10.1007/s00468-006-0081-3

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Tree branches are widely acknowledged to be difficult to model [67]. Moreover, modelling branch volume is particularly challenging because of the variety of sizes and shapes present in tree crowns and because tree crown attributes are expected to vary widely between trees and between locations [3,68].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatible System for Predicting Total and Merchantable Stem Volume over and under Bark, Branch Volume and Whole-Tree Volume of Pine Species

Corral-Rivas

Vega-Nieva

Rodríguez‐Soalleiro

et al. 2017

Forests

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Accurate quantification of branch volume in trees is important for sustainable forest management, especially as these fractions are increasingly used for bioenergy, and for precise forest CO 2 quantification. Whereas a large focus has been placed on the compatible estimation of tree taper and bole volume with and without bark, little effort has been made to develop models that allow a simultaneous prediction of these variables together with tree branch volume. In this study, 595 Pinus cooperi trees and 700 Pinus durangensis trees were sampled in pine-oak forests in the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. A compatible system for predicting two segmented taper functions, over and under bark; the corresponding merchantable volumes; coarse branch volume and whole-tree volume was fitted using a modified continuous autoregressive structure to account for autocorrelation. The proposed compatible equations explained more than 97% of the observed variability in diameter over and under bark, volume over and under bark, and total tree volume and more than 64% of the observed variability in branch volume in both species. The method described can theoretically be replicated for any tree species, thus providing a better understanding of the patterns of volume distribution by components, potentially improving carbon accounting system and forest bioenergy planning.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatible System for Predicting Total and Merchantable Stem Volume over and under Bark, Branch Volume and Whole-Tree Volume of Pine Species

Corral-Rivas

Vega-Nieva

Rodríguez‐Soalleiro

et al. 2017

Forests

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“…Hartman (1996) estimated that the construction of Kenney Dam submerged 330 km 2 of forest land, which means that about 30% of the bed of Nechako Reservoir is covered by trees, primarily coniferous. For stands of coastal Douglas fir, Weiskittel and Maguire (2006) estimate that the surface area of trunks and branches ranges between 1 m 2 and 5 m 2 per square meter of ground. This additional surface area is associated with skin friction and, more importantly, form drag.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The strongly damped baroclinic response to wind in a multibasin reservoir

Imam

Laval

Pieters

et al. 2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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Field data and a forced, modal-based, two-layer, variable-cross-section model (TLVC) were used to examine the baroclinic response to wind in a large multibasin reservoir, Nechako Reservoir (British Columbia, Canada). The TLVC showed that most of the thermocline deflections at the dam could be accounted for by considering the first two basins upstream of the dam, Knewstubb and Natalkuz Lakes, and that the thermocline deflections were dominated by the first (H1) and second (H2) horizontal baroclinic modes of the combined basins. Calibration of the TLVC against the field data showed that the H1 and H2 modes were strongly damped, with effectively no free thermocline oscillations. This strong damping had two effects: high coherence between the wind and thermocline deflections and phase lags between thermocline deflections at different locations. The damping in Nechako Reservoir is stronger than in many lakes, and results from both high velocities within the geometric constriction between Knewstubb and Natalkuz Lakes and drag due to submerged trees, which cover 30% of the bed. Our study provides a picture of overdamped baroclinic response and shows how useful information about the baroclinic response in complex bathymetries can be obtained using relatively simple tools such as the TLVC.

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“…Above-ground CAI is usually very close to the woody area index (WAI), (defined, i.e., in Bréda 2003) which can be estimated by the optical-based methods. However, different methods of measurements as well as variation in tree age, site quality and stand density may impose large source of variation within a specific species (Smolander and Stenberg 1996;Weiskittel and Maguire 2006). WAI of our forest site comprised 19 % from the above-ground plant area index (PAI), which fells into the range 3-33 % listed by Bréda (2003) for various pine species.…”

Section: Above-ground Skeletonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Above- and below-ground biomass, surface and volume, and stored water in a mature Scots pine stand

2014

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This study describes the amount and the spatial distribution of the above-and below-ground tree skeletondefined as the woody structure of stem, branches and rootsin a mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand in Belgium. Tree skeleton data were linked to the respective needle area, and as such, this work provides the background framework for modeling the tree hydraulic architecture and the carbon balance of the forest stand. Using validated allometric equations, we were able to calculate the amount of the volume, of the biomass and of the corresponding surface areas of individual trees in the stand. Total woody biomass of the 66-year-old forest stand was 155 Mg ha -1 , i.e., 126 Mg ha -1 above ground and 29 Mg ha -1 below ground. The total bio-volume of the woody mass of the stand was 314 m 3 ha -1 . The highest fraction of this value was the stem bio-volume, i.e., 236 m 3 ha -1 or 75 % of the total. The total volume of all roots was 57 m 3 ha -1 (18 % of the total volume), and the volume of branches was 20 m 3 ha -1 (7 % of the total volume). The surface area of the roots ranged from 38,000 m 2 ha -1 in the winter to 68,000 m 2 ha -1 in the spring. The surface area of the stems was 2,700 m 2 ha -1 , and the surface area of all branches reached 4,400 m 2 ha -1 . The total above-ground water storage in the xylem was 94 m 3 ha -1 (or 9.4 mm), while the accessible stored water was 2 mm of that quantity. A comparative analysis of the biometric parameters showed the balance between the different functionally connected, operational surface areas of the trees. The needle surface area was similar to the root surface area and in the same order of magnitude as the surface area of woody cambium. The results allow to link water uptake with transpiration and assimilation with respiration.

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Branch surface area and its vertical distribution in coastal Douglas-fir

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

Compatible System for Predicting Total and Merchantable Stem Volume over and under Bark, Branch Volume and Whole-Tree Volume of Pine Species

Compatible System for Predicting Total and Merchantable Stem Volume over and under Bark, Branch Volume and Whole-Tree Volume of Pine Species

The strongly damped baroclinic response to wind in a multibasin reservoir

Above- and below-ground biomass, surface and volume, and stored water in a mature Scots pine stand

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