Brainstem involvement in the initial response to pain

Petrović, Predrag; Petersson, Karl Magnus; Hansson, Per; Ingvar, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.01.046

Cited by 74 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These notable BOLD signal changes shared a common feature that the identified voxels, containing a population of neurons, coded the temporal dimension [Faingold and Randall, 1995;Petrovic et al, 2004;Quirk and Mueller, 2008]. Some regions only responded to the initial administration of acupuncture, and others may ramp up or taper off across the whole session.…”

Section: Episodic Responses Only Presented Duringmentioning

confidence: 85%

Time‐varied characteristics of acupuncture effects in fMRI studies

Bai¹,

Qin²,

Tian³

et al. 2009

Human Brain Mapping

134

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When studying the neural responses to acupuncture with a block-designed paradigm, its temporal dynamics predicted by the general linear model (GLM) conforms to typical "on-off" variations during a limited period of the experiment manipulation. Despite a lack of direct evidence associating its psychophysiological response, numerous clinical reports suggest that acupuncture can provide pain relief beyond a needling session. Therefore, a typical GLM analysis may be insensitive or inappropriate for identifying altered neural responses resulting from acupuncture. We developed a new approach to investigate the dynamics underlying sustained effects of acupuncture. Specifically, we designed two separate models to evaluate the baseline activities (prior to stimulation) and neural activities in sequential epochs, using three block-designed functional runs: acupuncture at acupoint ST36, nonmeridian point (NMP) stimulation, and a visual task. We found that the activity patterns during rest were associated with the stimulus types and that the resting activities might be even higher than that of stimulation phases. Such effects of the elevated activity during rest may reduce or eliminate the activity during stimulus conditions or even reverse the sign of brain activation using conventional GLM analysis. Moreover, such sustained responses, followed by acupuncture at ST36 and NMP, exhibited distinct patterns in wide brain structures, particularly in the limbic system and brainstem. These findings may pose great implications for the design and interpretation of a range of acupuncture neuroimaging studies.

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Section: Episodic Responses Only Presented Duringmentioning

confidence: 85%

Time‐varied characteristics of acupuncture effects in fMRI studies

Bai¹,

Qin²,

Tian³

et al. 2009

Human Brain Mapping

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Descending facilitatory pathways are not demonstrably involved during nociceptive processing in the normal state (Ossipov and Porreca, 2006). However, other brainstem nuclei, for example those involved in nociceptive transmission or autonomic response, may activate in response to ascending spinal nociceptive input (Petrovic et al, 2004;Dunckley et al, 2005). Hence, the absence of increased activity in the brainstem area identified as the MPRF during nociceptive processing in the normal state (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Brain Activity Specifically Related to the Maintenance and Perceptual Consequence of Central Sensitization in Humans

Lee¹,

Zambreanu²,

Menon³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

142

106

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Central sensitization (CS) refers to an increase in the excitability of spinal dorsal horn neurons that results from, and far outlasts the initiating nociceptive input. Here, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine whether supraspinal activity might contribute to the maintenance of CS in humans. A crossover parametric design was used to distinguish and control for brain activity that is related to the consequence of increased pain experienced during CS. When the intensity of pain during CS and normal states were matched, only activity within the brainstem, including the mesencephalic pontine reticular formation, and the anterior thalami remained increased during CS. Further analyses revealed that activity in the isolated brainstem area correlated positively with the force of noxious stimulation only during CS, whereas activity in the isolated thalamic area was not modulated parametrically in either CS or normal states. Additionally, the mean activity in the isolated brainstem area was increased only during CS, whereas the mean activity in the isolated thalamic area was increased in both states, albeit less so in the normal state. Together, these findings suggest a specific role of the brainstem for the maintenance of CS in humans. Regarding brain areas related to the consequence of increased pain perception during CS, we found that only cortical activity, mainly in the primary somatosensory area, was significantly correlated with intensity of pain that was attributable to both the force of noxious stimulation used and state in which noxious stimulation was applied.

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“…(1)). These notable BOLD signal changes share a common feature that the identified voxels, containing a population of neurons, coded the temporal dimension [42][43][44]. Some regions only responded to the initial administration of acupuncture (PCC), and others may ramp up or taper off across the whole session (PAG; rostral ventromedial medulla, RVM).…”

Section: Sustained Effects Of Acupuncture and Its Influence On Fmri Rmentioning

confidence: 95%

Spatiotemporal Modulation of Central Neural Pathway Underlying Acupuncture Action: A Systematic Review

Bai¹,

Qin²,

Liang³

et al. 2009

CMIR

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Acupuncture, an ancient therapeutic technique, is currently gaining popularity as an important modality of alternative and complementary medicine in the West world. Concurrently, scientific interests in exploring whether acupuncture is therapeutically effective are raised alongside those about the means by which it may operate. Modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, electroencephalography, and magnetoencephalography provide a means to safely monitor brain activity in humans. In this review, we have summarized evidence derived from the neuroimaging studies and tried to elucidate the neurophysiological correlates of acupuncture. Previous investigations on the neural responses to acupuncture mainly focus on its acute effects and explore the correlation between the specific acupoints and cortical activations only in the spatial domain. However, abundant clinical reports and psychophysical analysis suggest the kinetics of acupuncture is longer acting as a function of time. Consequentially, an accurate interpretation of acupuncture actions depends on how effectively we can characterize the nature of temporal variations underlying neural activities, rather than simply detect the occurrence of such changes. This emerging picture indicates that both designing paradigms and statistical models involved in acupuncture studies should be applied with great care.

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Brainstem involvement in the initial response to pain

Cited by 74 publications

References 48 publications

Time‐varied characteristics of acupuncture effects in fMRI studies

Time‐varied characteristics of acupuncture effects in fMRI studies

Identifying Brain Activity Specifically Related to the Maintenance and Perceptual Consequence of Central Sensitization in Humans

Spatiotemporal Modulation of Central Neural Pathway Underlying Acupuncture Action: A Systematic Review

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