Brain Tissue Constitutive Material Models and the Finite Element Analysis of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Eslaminejad, Ashkan; Farid, Mohammad Hosseini; Ziejewski, Mariusz; Karami, G.

doi:10.24200/sci.2018.20888

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) may occur when induced stresses exceed the tolerance limits. In most biomechanical studies on human concussions, the attempts are focused on relating the size of the mechanical assault to the localized tissue deformation, pressure, and stressstrain response in order to diagnose the brain injury [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In such e orts, accurate measurement of generated stresses in the brain tissue is necessary for predicting the size of the injuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instantaneous and Equilibrium Responses of the Brain Tissue by Stress Relaxation and Quasi-Linear Viscoelasticity Theory

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human brain and brainstem tissues have viscoelastic characteristics and their behaviors are functions of strains as well as strain rates. Determination of the equilibrium and instantaneous stresses happening at low and high strain rates provides insights into a better understanding of the behavior of such tissues. In this manuscript, we present the results of a series of stress relaxation tests at 6 di erent values of strains conducted on porcine brainstem tissue samples to indirectly measure the equilibrium and instantaneous stresses. The equilibrium stresses at low strain rates were measured from long-term responses to the stress relaxation test. The instantaneous stresses at high strain rates were determined using Quasi-Linear Viscoelasticity (QLV) theory at 6 strains. The results showed that the instantaneous stresses were much larger (almost 11 times) than the equilibrium stresses across all the strains. It was concluded that the instantaneous response could reasonably be estimated from the long-term response, which could easily be measured in an experimental manner. The experimental results also showed that the reduced relaxation moduli, estimated by the QLV theory, varied for the 6 strains tested.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instantaneous and Equilibrium Responses of the Brain Tissue by Stress Relaxation and Quasi-Linear Viscoelasticity Theory

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recent decades, scholars have proposed multiple brain models to account for particular features of brain tissue response under specific loading conditions and testing regimes [ 4 ]. Various constitutive material models suited for a particular type of brain tissue analysis are often referred to in the literature and are still developed [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Many studies have shown that soft tissues exhibit properties that are difficult to describe with rheological relations, assuming linear elasticity or viscoelasticity, because their characteristics may be highly nonlinear [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Viscoplastic-Softening Model Suitable for Brain Impact Modelling

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we address the numerical aspects and implementation of a nonlinear viscoplastic model of the mechanical behaviour of brain tissue to simulate the dynamic responses related to impact loads which may cause traumatic injury. Among the various viscoelastic models available, we deliberately considered modifying the Norton–Hoff model in order to introduce non-typical viscoplastic softening behaviour that imitates a brain’s response just several milliseconds after a rapid impact. We describe the discretisation and three dimensional implementation of the model, with the aim of obtaining accurate numerical results in a reasonable computational time. Due to the large scale and complexity of the problem, a parallel computation technique, using a space–time finite element method, was used to facilitate the computation boost. It is proven that, after calibrating, the introduced viscoplastic-softening model is better suited for modelling brain tissue behaviour for the specific case of rapid impact loading rather than the commonly used viscoelastic models.

show abstract

“…Although their results are valid to be employed for studies in quasistatic loading, those material properties have been used in many computational simulations of TBI at dynamic loads [39,40]. It was confirmed [16,41] that, in addition to selecting an appropriate constitutive model, using the material constants derived from a mismatched strain rate may considerably affect the validity of the results. Farid et al [16] showed that hyper-viscoelastic material models, which are optimized for various low strain rates, will result in considerable errors when predicting brain behavior at higher strain rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strain Rates in the Brain, Brainstem, Dura, and Skull under Dynamic Loadings

Hosseini-Farid

Amiri-Tehrani-Zadeh

Ramzanpour

et al. 2020

MCA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowing the precise material properties of intracranial head organs is crucial for studying the biomechanics of head injury. It has been shown that these biological tissues are significantly rate-dependent; hence, their material properties should be determined with respect to the range of deformation rate they experience. In this paper, a validated finite element human head model is used to investigate the biomechanics of the head in impact and blast, leading to traumatic brain injuries (TBI). We simulate the head under various directions and velocities of impacts, as well as helmeted and unhelmeted head under blast shock waves. It is demonstrated that the strain rates for the brain are in the range of 36 to 241 s −1 , approximately 1.9 and 0.86 times the resulting head acceleration under impacts and blast scenarios, respectively. The skull was found to experience a rate in the range of 14 to 182 s −1 , approximately 0.7 and 0.43 times the head acceleration corresponding to impact and blast cases. The results of these incident simulations indicate that the strain rates for brainstem and dura mater are respectively in the range of 15 to 338 and 8 to 149 s −1 . These findings provide a good insight into characterizing the brain tissue, cranial bone, brainstem and dura mater, and also selecting material properties in advance for computational dynamical studies of the human head.

show abstract

Brain Tissue Constitutive Material Models and the Finite Element Analysis of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Instantaneous and Equilibrium Responses of the Brain Tissue by Stress Relaxation and Quasi-Linear Viscoelasticity Theory

Instantaneous and Equilibrium Responses of the Brain Tissue by Stress Relaxation and Quasi-Linear Viscoelasticity Theory

Effective Viscoplastic-Softening Model Suitable for Brain Impact Modelling

The Strain Rates in the Brain, Brainstem, Dura, and Skull under Dynamic Loadings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About