Abstract:Background: The brain and the immune systems represent the two primary adaptive systems within the body. Both are involved in a dynamic process of communication, vital for the preservation of mammalian homeostasis. This interplay involves two major pathways: the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Summary: The establishment of infection can affect immunoneuroendocrine interactions, with functional consequences for immune organs, particularly the thymus. Interesti… Show more
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